{"id":37609,"date":"2024-02-27T09:52:32","date_gmt":"2024-02-27T06:52:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/2024\/02\/27\/%d8%a5%d9%8a%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%ac%d9%8a-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a3%d8%b2%d9%82\/"},"modified":"2024-02-27T09:55:16","modified_gmt":"2024-02-27T06:55:16","slug":"%d8%a5%d9%8a%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%ac%d9%8a-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a3%d8%b2%d9%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/ar\/2024\/02\/27\/%d8%a5%d9%8a%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%ac%d9%8a-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a3%d8%b2%d9%82\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646: \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0632\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u061f"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0640 PDF<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>
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\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a: \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u0646\u061f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0637\u0631\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 “\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a”[xv]<\/sup><\/a> \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\/\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2020. \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0637\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0637\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0636\u0631\u0651 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u0651\u064a. \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628[xvi]<\/sup><\/a> \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0630\u0631\u062a \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642.<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u0647\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0637\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0623\u0632\u0642 “\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a”.<\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644[xvii]<\/sup><\/a>  \u0643\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0627\u062f. [xviii]<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0651\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0637\u0641\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629[xix]<\/sup><\/a>\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062e\u0637\u0623\u064b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n

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\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u062e\u0644\u062a[xxxi]<\/sup><\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627[xxxii]<\/sup><\/a> \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646. \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0637\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0635\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f\u0639. \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0637\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 6 \u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627[xxxiii]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n

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\u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a \u062c\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a[xxxvi]<\/sup><\/a> \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0644\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u063a\u0632\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0646\u0639\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0637\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0647\u0627. \u0633\u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062e\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0637\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0645 \u0644\u0627. \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u062d\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

[i]<\/a> William Tobin and Joseph Webster, Houthi attacks in the Red Sea hurt global trade and slow the energy transition, Atlantic Council, 25 January 2024, https:\/\/www.atlanticcouncil.org\/blogs\/new-atlanticist\/houthi-attacks-in-the-red-sea-hurt-global-trade-and-slow-the-energy-transition\/<\/a><\/p>\n

[ii]<\/a> Oren Liebermann and Haley Britzky, US and UK strike Houthi targets in Yemen one day after US strikes in Iraq and Syria, CNN, 4 February 2024, https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2024\/02\/03\/politics\/strikes-us-uk-houthi-yemen\/index.html<\/a><\/p>\n

[iii]<\/a> Awad Al Rajoub, PROFILE \u2013 Saleh al-Arouri, Hamas deputy leader assassinated by Israel in Lebanon, Anadolu Agency, 2 January 2024, https:\/\/www.aa.com.tr\/en\/middle-east\/profile-saleh-al-arouri-hamas-deputy-leader-assassinated-by-israel-in-lebanon\/3098622<\/a><\/p>\n

[iv]<\/a> Iraq blames US-led coalition for deadly drone strike in Baghdad, Al Jazeera, 4 January 2024, https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2024\/1\/4\/iraq-blames-us-led-coalition-for-baghdad-deadly-drone-strike<\/a><\/p>\n

[v]<\/a> Israeli airstrike on Damascus killed at least 5 Iranian advisers, state media say, NPR, 20 January 2024, https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2024\/01\/20\/1225792450\/reported-israeli-airstrike-on-damascus-kills-commander-with-irans-elite-force<\/a><\/p>\n

[vi]<\/a> Iranian Militias, Syrian Regime Tussle Over \u2018Sayyida Zainab\u2019, The Syrian Observer, 17 May 2021, https:\/\/syrianobserver.com\/features\/66142\/iranian-militias-syrian-regime-tussle-over-sayyida-zainab.html<\/a><\/p>\n

[vii]<\/a> Israel Shifts Strategy in Syria: High-Profile Assassinations and New Dynamics in Russian-Israeli Relations, The Syrian Observer, 22 January 2024, https:\/\/syrianobserver.com\/news\/87185\/israel-shifts-strategy-in-syria-high-profile-assassinations-and-new-dynamics-in-russian-israeli-relations.html<\/a><\/p>\n

[viii]<\/a> Eyad Kourdi and Jennifer Deaton, ISIS claims responsibility for deadliest attack in Iran since 1979 revolution, CNN, 5 January 2024, https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2024\/01\/04\/middleeast\/iran-islamic-state-attack-kerman-intl\/index.html<\/a><\/p>\n

[ix]<\/a> Iran executes four Kurdish political prisoners, Rudaw, 29 January 2024, https:\/\/www.rudaw.net\/english\/middleeast\/iran\/29012024<\/a><\/p>\n

[x]<\/a> Paul Iddon, What was behind Iran\u2019s deadly missile attack on Iraqi Kurdistan?, The New Arab, 17 January 2024, https:\/\/www.newarab.com\/analysis\/what-was-behind-irans-missile-attack-iraqi-kurdistan<\/a><\/p>\n

[xi]<\/a> Jonny Hallam, Asim Khan and Helen Regan, Pakistan condemns deadly Iranian missile strike on its territory as tensions spike across region, CNN, 17 January 2024, https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2024\/01\/17\/middleeast\/iran-missile-attack-pakistan-intl-hnk\/index.html<\/a><\/p>\n

[xii]<\/a> Svetlana Ekimenko, Iran’s Strike on Erbil is ‘Deliberate & Calculated Move’ to Show Its Missile Abilities, Expert Says, Sputnik, 16 January 2024, Iran’s Strike on Erbil is ‘Deliberate & Calculated Move’ to Show Its Missile Abilities, Expert Says<\/p>\n

[xiii]<\/a> Iran Showcases Precision of \u201cKhaybar Shekan\u201d Ballistic Missile in Striking Targets in Iraq, Syria, Defence Security Asia, 17 January 2024, https:\/\/defencesecurityasia.com\/en\/iran-khaybar-shekan-missile\/<\/a><\/p>\n

[xiv]<\/a> Iran\u2019s Missile Diplomacy Towards the Kurdistan Region of Iraq: Local and Regional Messages, Raman Center for Research and Consultancy, 4 September 2023, https:\/\/ramancenter.org\/en\/irans-missile-diplomacy-towards-the-kurdistan-region-of-iraq-local-and-regional-messages\/<\/a><\/p>\n

[xv]<\/a> Hassan Mneimneh, \u2018Strategic Patience\u2019 and Iran\u2019s \u201cResistance Axis\u201d: An Enduring Challenge for Biden’s Administration, Washington Institute, 11 December 2020, https:\/\/www.washingtoninstitute.org\/policy-analysis\/strategic-patience-and-irans-resistance-axis-enduring-challenge-bidens<\/a><\/p>\n

[xvi]<\/a> See. https:\/\/twitter.com\/alihashem_tv\/status\/1754207755399811363<\/a><\/p>\n

[xvii]<\/a> Karwan Faidhi Dri, Who was the Kurdish businessman killed by Iranian missiles in Erbil?, Rudaw, 17 January 2024, https:\/\/www.rudaw.net\/english\/kurdistan\/160120249<\/a><\/p>\n

[xviii]<\/a> Iraq denies Iranian strikes targeted Mossad headquarters in Erbil, Anadolu Agency, 16 January 2024, https:\/\/www.aa.com.tr\/en\/middle-east\/iraq-denies-iranian-strikes-targeted-mossad-headquarters-in-erbil\/3110492<\/a><\/p>\n

[xix]<\/a> Heman Hussein Yassen, Iraqi businessman Dizayee killed with daughter on her 1st birthday in Iranian attack in Erbil, Anadolu Agency, 16 January 2024, https:\/\/www.aa.com.tr\/en\/middle-east\/iraqi-businessman-dizayee-killed-with-daughter-on-her-1st-birthday-in-iranian-attack-in-erbil\/3110409<\/a><\/p>\n

[xx]<\/a> Riaz Khokhar and Asma Khalid, Iran Has Conducted Strikes in Pakistan Before. This Time Was Different., The Diplomat, 26 January 2024, https:\/\/thediplomat.com\/2024\/01\/iran-has-conducted-strikes-in-pakistan-before-this-time-was-different\/<\/a><\/p>\n

[xxi]<\/a> Frances Mao, Caroline Davies and Paul Adams, Pakistan launches retaliatory strikes into Iran, killing nine people, BBC, 18 January 2024, https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-asia-68014882<\/a><\/p>\n

[xxii]<\/a> See. https:\/\/twitter.com\/omairanas\/status\/1747937277752254669<\/a><\/p>\n

[xxiii]<\/a> Farhan Zahid, The Zainabiyoun Brigade: A Pakistani Shiite Militia Amid the Syrian Conflict, The Jamestown Foundation, 27 May 2016, https:\/\/jamestown.org\/program\/the-zainabiyoun-brigade-a-pakistani-shiite-militia-amid-the-syrian-conflict\/<\/a><\/p>\n

[xxiv]<\/a> Iraq takes \u2018Iranian aggression\u2019 case to the UN following Erbil attack, Rudaw, 16 January 2024, https:\/\/www.rudaw.net\/english\/middleeast\/iraq\/16012024<\/a><\/p>\n

[xxv]<\/a> Iraqi, Kurdish PMs cancel talks with Iran at Davos, The Cradle, 17 January 2024, https:\/\/thecradle.co\/articles-id\/19290<\/a><\/p>\n

[xxvi]<\/a> Eleanor Watson, Pentagon releases names of 3 soldiers killed in drone attack in Jordan, CBS News, 30 January 2024, https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/soldiers-killed-jordan-names\/<\/a><\/p>\n

[xxvii]<\/a> Natasha Turak, Biden faces demands from Republicans in Congress to strike Iran after U.S. troop deaths, CNBC, 29 January 2024, https:\/\/www.cnbc.com\/2024\/01\/29\/lawmakers-demanding-biden-strike-iran-after-us-troop-deaths-in-jordan-.html<\/a><\/p>\n

[xxviii]<\/a> Felicia Schwartz and James Politi, Can Biden respond to Iran-backed attack without escalating the war?, Financial Times, 30 January 2024, https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/a5b3ded7-6c10-4586-a263-d884c78ef592<\/a><\/p>\n

[xxix]<\/a> Stephen Collinson, Biden has to deal with a second war he didn\u2019t want. His task is to contain it, CNN, 31 January 2024, https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2024\/01\/30\/politics\/biden-middle-east-war-analysis\/index.html<\/a><\/p>\n

[xxx]<\/a> Natasha Bertrand, Haley Britzky, Oren Liebermann, and Kevin Liptak, US carries out retaliatory strikes on Iranian-linked militia targets in Iraq and Syria, CNN, 3 February 2024, https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2024\/02\/02\/politics\/us-strikes-iraq-syria\/index.html<\/a><\/p>\n

[xxxi]<\/a> Keir Simmons, Mo Abbas, and Khalid Razak, Wait for U.S. retaliatory strikes gives Iran-linked militias plenty of time to prepare, NBC News, 2 February 2024, https:\/\/www.nbcnews.com\/news\/world\/israel-hamas-war-us-strikes-iran-militants-iraq-syria-rcna136934<\/a><\/p>\n

[xxxii]<\/a> Iraq says 16 people, including civilians, killed in \u2018new US aggression\u2019, Al Jazeera, 3 February 2024, https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2024\/2\/3\/us-warns-of-more-retaliatory-strikes-as-it-hits-iraq-syria-amid-gaza-war<\/a><\/p>\n

[xxxiii]<\/a> Beatrice Farhat, 6 Kurdish SDF forces killed in Iran-linked attack on Syria base housing US troops, Al Monitor, 5 February 2024, https:\/\/www.al-monitor.com\/originals\/2024\/02\/6-kurdish-sdf-forces-killed-iran-linked-attack-syria-base-housing-us-troops<\/a><\/p>\n

[xxxiv]<\/a> Dan Lamothe and Missy Ryan, U.S. signals it is open to withdrawing some troops from Iraq, Washington Post, 25 January 2024, https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/national-security\/2024\/01\/25\/iraq-syria-pentagon-military\/<\/a><\/p>\n

[xxxv]<\/a> Charles Lister, America Is Planning to Withdraw From Syria\u2014and Create a Disaster, Foreign Policy, 24 January 2024, https:\/\/foreignpolicy.com\/2024\/01\/24\/america-is-planning-to-withdraw-from-syria-and-create-a-disaster\/<\/a><\/p>\n

[xxxvi]<\/a> Ryan King, Trump scores \u2018the biggest lead\u2019 yet against Biden in new NBC poll, New York Post, 4 February 2024, https:\/\/nypost.com\/2024\/02\/04\/news\/trump-scores-the-biggest-lead-yet-against-biden-in-new-nbc-poll\/<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>

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