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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064d \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #8b0933;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>[1] McGee, 2018: Atmospheric CO2 April 2018. Preliminary data released May 2, 2018. Mauna Loa Observatory, Hawaii. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.co2.earth\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.co2.earth\/<\/a> (14 May 2018).<\/p>\n<p>[2] IEA, 2018: Global energy demand grew by 2.1% in 2017, and carbon emissions rose for the first time since 2014. International Energy Agency, 22 March 2018. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iea.org\/newsroom\/news\/2018\/march\/global-energy-demand-grew-by-21-in-2017-and-carbon-emissions-rose-for-the-firs.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.iea.org\/newsroom\/news\/2018\/march\/global-energy-demand-grew-by-21-in-2017-and-carbon-emissions-rose-for-the-firs.html<\/a> (14 May 2018).<\/p>\n<p>[3] WMO. 2017: WMO Statement on the State of the Global Climate in 2017. World Meteorological Organization, 6 November 2017. <a href=\"http:\/\/ane4bf-datap1.s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wmocms\/s3fs-public\/ckeditor\/files\/2017_provisional_statement_text_-_updated_04Nov2017_1.pdf?7rBjqhMTRJkQbvuYMNAmetvBgFeyS_vQ\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/ane4bf-datap1.s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wmocms\/s3fs-public\/ckeditor\/files\/2017_provisional_statement_text_-_updated_04Nov2017_1.pdf?7rBjqhMTRJkQbvuYMNAmetvBgFeyS_vQ<\/a> (14 May 2018).<\/p>\n<p>[4] IPCC, 2014: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Core Writing Team, R.K. Pachauri and L.A. Meyer (eds.)]. IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland.<\/p>\n<p>[5] IRENA, 2015: Renewable Energy in the Water, Energy &amp; Food Nexus. Authors, R.F. Ferroukhi, D. Nagpal, A. Lopez-Pena and Troy Hodges. IRENA, Abu Dhabi, UAE.<\/p>\n<p>[6] IASS, 2015: Secure and Sustainable Power Generation in a Water-Constrained World. Authors, S. Roehrkasten, D. Schaeuble and S. Helgenberger. IASS, Potsdam, Germany.<\/p>\n<p>[7] IEA, 2016: World Energy Outlook 2016. International Energy Agency (IEA), Paris, France.<\/p>\n<p>[8] World Bank, 2012: Renewable Energy Desalination: An Emerging Solution to Close the Water Gap in the Middle East and North Africa. MENA Development Report. World Bank, Washington, DC.<\/p>\n<p>[9] Meldrum, J., Nettles-Anderson, S., Heath, G., Macknick, J., 2013: Life cycle water use for electricity generation: a review and harmonization of literature estimates. Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 8 (1), 1-18.<\/p>\n<p>[10] Dubreuil, A., Assoumou, E., Bouckaert, S., Selosse, S., Maizi, N., 2013: Water modeling in an energy optimization framework \u2013 The water-scarce middle east context. Applied Energy 101 (2013), 268-279.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0634\u062a\u0651\u064e\u0649. \u0641\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0636\u063a\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0646\u0628\u0651\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0651. \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u064f\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0651\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":124,"featured_media":9545,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mo_disable_npp":"","ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[82],"tags":[2842],"asf_pub_issue":[10304,10310],"asf_pub_region":[10320,10322],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9543"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/124"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9543"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9543\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25276,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9543\/revisions\/25276"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9545"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9543"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9543"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9543"},{"taxonomy":"asf_pub_issue","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/asf_pub_issue?post=9543"},{"taxonomy":"asf_pub_region","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/asf_pub_region?post=9543"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}