{"id":12960,"date":"2020-01-02T11:40:50","date_gmt":"2020-01-02T08:40:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/?p=12960"},"modified":"2020-08-17T13:20:19","modified_gmt":"2020-08-17T10:20:19","slug":"hafter-trablusu-ele-gecirirse-turkiye-libya-deniz-alanlarinin-sinirlandirilmasi-anlasmasi-hukuken-gecerli-olacak-mi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/2020\/01\/02\/hafter-trablusu-ele-gecirirse-turkiye-libya-deniz-alanlarinin-sinirlandirilmasi-anlasmasi-hukuken-gecerli-olacak-mi\/","title":{"rendered":"Hafter, Trablus\u2019u Ele Ge\u00e7irirse T\u00fcrkiye-Libya Deniz Alanlar\u0131n\u0131n S\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 Anla\u015fmas\u0131 Hukuken Ge\u00e7erli Olacak m\u0131?"},"content":{"rendered":"

2019 Kas\u0131m ay\u0131n\u0131n sonlar\u0131na do\u011fru, T\u00fcrkiye ve Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler (BM) destekli Libya\u2019n\u0131n Ulusal Mutabakat H\u00fck\u00fcmeti (UMH) iki devlet aras\u0131ndaki deniz alanlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik bir mutabakat muht\u0131ras\u0131 imzalad\u0131. Bu muht\u0131ra ile birlikte iki taraf, Yunanistan\u2019a ait olan Girit Adas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yak\u0131n\u0131ndan ge\u00e7en, yakla\u015f\u0131k 30 km uzunlu\u011funda bir s\u0131n\u0131rda mutab\u0131k kald\u0131. B\u00f6ylece, T\u00fcrkiye ve Libya, Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n b\u00f6lgedeki Yunan adalar\u0131 kaynakl\u0131 olduk\u00e7a geni\u015f kapsaml\u0131 ve tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 deniz yetki alan\u0131 iddialar\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi, ayr\u0131ca Yunanistan ile G\u00fcney K\u0131br\u0131s Rum Y\u00f6netimi (GKRY) aras\u0131nda yer alan deniz alan\u0131nda kendi yetki iddialar\u0131yla \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fan iddialar\u0131 yok sayd\u0131. Buna binaen, Yunanistan ve GKRY h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde s\u00f6z konusu mutabakat\u0131n hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funu belirtti. 6 Aral\u0131k\u2019ta Yunanistan, Libya B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7isi\u2019ni geri g\u00f6nderdi<\/a> ve BM\u2019ye mutabakata ili\u015fkin itirazlar\u0131n\u0131 sunan<\/a> iki mektup iletti.<\/p>\n

S\u00f6z konusu muht\u0131ra (bundan sonra \u201cAnla\u015fma\u201d olarak an\u0131lacakt\u0131r) 8 Aral\u0131k 2019\u2019da y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girerken bir\u00e7ok k\u00fcresel ve b\u00f6lgesel akt\u00f6r taraf\u0131ndan da y\u00f6neltilen ate\u015fli ele\u015ftirilere yol a\u00e7t\u0131. Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019de var oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen b\u00fcy\u00fck hidrokarbon rezervleri ba\u011flam\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, T\u00fcrkiye ve UMH\u2019nin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015fman\u0131n bir\u00e7ok akt\u00f6r\u00fcn \u00f6fkesini \u00e7ekmesi olduk\u00e7a normal. Zira b\u00f6lgedeki mevcut enerji denklemi, ABD ve Rusya gibi Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019de k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131 olmayan devletler de dahil olmak \u00fczere bir\u00e7ok devleti ve \u00e7ok uluslu petrol \u015firketleri yahut silahl\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctler gibi bir\u00e7ok devlet-d\u0131\u015f\u0131 akt\u00f6r\u00fc ihtiva ediyor. Anla\u015fma\u2019n\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmesinden hemen sonra, Yunan ve M\u0131s\u0131r D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanlar\u0131<\/a> bu anla\u015fmaya kar\u015f\u0131 nas\u0131l bir ortak stratejinin geli\u015ftirilece\u011fini tart\u0131\u015fmak \u00fczere topland\u0131lar. Avrupa Birli\u011fi (AB), Anla\u015fma\u2019y\u0131 hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 il\u00e2n etti<\/a>. AB, zaten daha \u00f6nce K\u0131br\u0131s a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131nda gemilerinin y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc petrol ve do\u011falgaz arama faaliyetlerinden \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar<\/a> uygulamaya karar vermi\u015fti. \u0130srail, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin att\u0131\u011f\u0131 ad\u0131ma kar\u015f\u0131 cevap vermek i\u00e7in EastMed Boru Hatt\u0131 Projesi\u2019nin h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 yapt\u0131<\/a>. Libya\u2019n\u0131n me\u015fru meclisi oldu\u011funu iddia eden ve General Hafter\u2019in kontrol\u00fc alt\u0131nda olan Tobruk merkezli meclisin ba\u015fkan\u0131 Aguila Saleh \u0130ssa ise\u201d Bu anla\u015fma ge\u00e7ersizdir. Bu anla\u015fmay\u0131 imzalayanlar\u0131n hukuken yetkisi yoktur.\u201d beyan\u0131nda bulundu.<\/p>\n

Bu k\u0131sa yaz\u0131da ne Anla\u015fma\u2019n\u0131n jeopolitik y\u00f6nlerinin ne de uluslararas\u0131 deniz hukuku kurallar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan hukuka uygunlu\u011funun tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 ama\u00e7lanmaktad\u0131r.[1]<\/a> As\u0131l amac\u0131m\u0131z, Saleh \u0130ssa\u2019n\u0131n Anla\u015fma\u2019n\u0131n ge\u00e7ersizli\u011fi iddias\u0131na ve Hafter\u2019e ba\u011fl\u0131 kuvvetlerin Trablus\u2019u ele ge\u00e7irmesi, h\u00e2liyle Tobruk merkezli meclisin (Temsilciler Meclisi- TM) UMH\u2019ye \u00fcst\u00fcn gelmesi durumunda Anla\u015fma\u2019n\u0131n Libya i\u00e7in ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 olup olmayaca\u011f\u0131 sorusuna odaklanmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kilit Kavram: De Jure H\u00fck\u00fcmet<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Uluslararas\u0131 hukukta devletin devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 doktrini \u00e7ok temel bir yere sahip.  Bu doktrine g\u00f6re, bir devletin uluslararas\u0131 hukuk ki\u015fili\u011fi, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla haklar\u0131 ve y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri, o devleti y\u00f6neten h\u00fck\u00fcmette ya\u015fanan de\u011fi\u015fikliklerden etkilenmeksizin s\u00fcrekli devam etmektedir. Zira, anayasal veya anayasal olmayan yollardan, h\u00fck\u00fcmetler de\u011fi\u015febilir ancak devlet sabittir. Devletin devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, uluslararas\u0131 d\u00fczenin politik istikrar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Bu doktrin \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde, bir h\u00fck\u00fcmetin yerine gelen yeni bir h\u00fck\u00fcmet, kendisinden \u00f6nceki h\u00fck\u00fcmet taraf\u0131ndan verilen taahh\u00fctlerle ve \u00fcstlenilen y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerle ba\u011fl\u0131 say\u0131l\u0131r, yeni h\u00fck\u00fcmetin daha \u00f6nce s\u00f6z konusu taahh\u00fct ve y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri desteklemi\u015f olmas\u0131 veya olmamas\u0131 bu noktada \u00f6nem arz etmez.<\/p>\n

Bir devlette anayasal yollardan h\u00fck\u00fcmet de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi oldu\u011funda, devletin devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 meselesi pek tart\u0131\u015fma konusu olmaz. Ancak anayasal olmayan de\u011fi\u015fiklikler ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u015fu an Libya\u2019da oldu\u011fu gibi, baz\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 durumlar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir. \u201cAnayasal\u201d tabiri ile illa ki demokratik se\u00e7imleri kastetmedi\u011fimizi de not d\u00fc\u015fmek gerekir. Anayasal olmayan yollardan kas\u0131t bir \u00fclkede i\u00e7 sava\u015f, askeri darbe veya i\u00e7 ayaklanma gibi birbiriyle yar\u0131\u015fan siyasi otoritelerin\/h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin   ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na sebep olan durumlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Her ne kadar baz\u0131 belli olu\u015fumlar\u0131n tan\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 yasaklayan BM G\u00fcvelik Konseyi kararlar\u0131 gibi istisnai k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar olabilse de genel olarak di\u011fer devletler, birbiriyle yar\u0131\u015fan h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 durumunda tercih ettikleri h\u00fck\u00fcmeti tan\u0131mak noktas\u0131nda uluslararas\u0131 hukuk a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan serbesttir. \u201cMe\u015fruiyet bahanesi\u201d bazen kimi devletlerce di\u011fer h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin tan\u0131nmas\u0131 veya tan\u0131nmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lsa da -2010 y\u0131l\u0131nda Sierra Leone \u00f6rne\u011finde oldu\u011fu gibi- sadece \u201cme\u015fru\u201d h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin tan\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini ileri s\u00fcren Tobar Doktrini gibi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler bu zamana kadar uluslararas\u0131 toplumun \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu taraf\u0131ndan benimsenmemi\u015ftir. Genel olarak, tan\u0131ma meselesi devletlerin tek tarafl\u0131, salt politik ve pratik saiklerle ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir karar olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmekte. Birbiriyle yar\u0131\u015fan h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin herhangi birinin tan\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7o\u011fu zaman \u00f6nemli olan husus, o h\u00fck\u00fcmetin \u00f6nemli derecede bir toprak par\u00e7as\u0131 \u00fczerinde etkin kontrol\u00fcn\u00fcn bulunmas\u0131d\u0131r. Estrada Doktrini olarak an\u0131lan bir ba\u015fka doktrin, bir h\u00fck\u00fcmetin sahip oldu\u011fu me\u015fruiyetten ziyade de facto varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n esas al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi \u00f6nererek bu ger\u00e7e\u011fe i\u015faret etmektedir. Bu sebeple, tan\u0131ma konusu isabetli bir \u015fekilde uluslararas\u0131 hukukun en siyasi konular\u0131ndan biri olarak nitelenir.<\/p>\n

O h\u00e2lde, birbiriyle yar\u0131\u015fan ve bir \u00fclkeye ait topraklar\u0131n farkl\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131nda etkin kontrole sahip olan iki h\u00fck\u00fcmet farkl\u0131 devletler taraf\u0131ndan tan\u0131n\u0131rsa ne olur? E\u011fer taraflardan biri daha sonra \u00fclkenin tamam\u0131nda etkin kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc tesis ederse, di\u011fer taraf\u0131n daha \u00f6nce verdi\u011fi taahh\u00fctlerle ba\u011fl\u0131 olacak m\u0131d\u0131r? Bu soru, Libya meselesi \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem arz ediyor. UMH veya Hafter\u2019e ba\u011fl\u0131 kuvvetler bir g\u00fcn di\u011ferini ma\u011flup edebilir ve Libya\u2019n\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131n kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc ele ge\u00e7irebilir. B\u00f6yle bir durumda, galip gelen h\u00fck\u00fcmetin di\u011fer h\u00fck\u00fcmetle yar\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde kendi verdi\u011fi taahh\u00fctlerle ba\u011fl\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131 \u015f\u00fcphesizdir. Ancak i\u015f ma\u011flup taraf\u0131n ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde verdi\u011fi taahh\u00fctlerle ba\u011fl\u0131 olup olmayaca\u011f\u0131 sorusuna gelince, cevap \u201cde jure h\u00fck\u00fcmet\u201d kavram\u0131nda yatmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

De jure h\u00fck\u00fcmet, bir devletin \u201chukuki ve asli\u201d h\u00fck\u00fcmeti olup di\u011fer uluslararas\u0131 hukuk ki\u015filerince yayg\u0131n olarak tan\u0131n\u0131r. Daha pratik bir tan\u0131mla, de jure h\u00fck\u00fcmetin, kendi otoritesine bir ba\u015fka rakip h\u00fck\u00fcmet taraf\u0131ndan meydan okununcaya kadar \u00fclkedeki as\u0131l siyasi otoriteyi elinde tutan h\u00fck\u00fcmet oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenebilir. Bir devlette birbiriyle yar\u0131\u015fan h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin olmas\u0131 durumunda, de jure h\u00fck\u00fcmet olarak kabul edilen taraf\u0131n, \u00fclke \u00fczerindeki etkin kontrol\u00fc ciddi derecede azalm\u0131\u015f olsa dahi t\u00fcm \u00fclke ad\u0131na uluslararas\u0131 taahh\u00fctler verebilece\u011fi genel olarak kabul edilir. Bu sebeple, bir de jure h\u00fck\u00fcmet rakip h\u00fck\u00fcmet taraf\u0131ndan tamamen ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda veya devrildi\u011finde, daha \u00f6nce verdi\u011fi taahh\u00fctler yeni h\u00fck\u00fcmet i\u00e7in de ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. Kosta Rika ve Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k aras\u0131ndaki 1923 tarihli Tinoco Davas\u0131<\/a>, bu ilkenin uluslararas\u0131 hukukta en belirgin \u015fekilde ortaya kondu\u011fu \u00f6rneklerden biridir.<\/p>\n

Elbette, hangi taraf\u0131n de jure h\u00fck\u00fcmet oldu\u011funa karar vermek her zaman kolay de\u011fildir. Bu tespit, s\u00f6z konusu vakan\u0131n olgusal olarak mercek alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, bu yaz\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki soruyu cevaplamak i\u00e7in Libya meselesini olgusal a\u00e7\u0131dan incelememiz gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n

UMH\u2019nin Uluslararas\u0131 Toplum Taraf\u0131ndan Yayg\u0131n Olarak Tan\u0131nmas\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Her ne kadar bir olu\u015fumun di\u011fer devletler taraf\u0131ndan tan\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n bu olu\u015fumun uluslararas\u0131 hukuktaki stat\u00fcs\u00fc i\u00e7in kurucu oldu\u011funu her zaman \u00f6ne s\u00fcrmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011filse de bir de jure h\u00fck\u00fcmetin sahip oldu\u011fu en temel olgusal \u00f6zelliklerden birinin \u00f6ncelikle uluslararas\u0131 toplum taraf\u0131ndan yayg\u0131n olarak tan\u0131nmak oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenebilir. Daha \u00f6nce belirtildi\u011fi gibi, UMH, BM destekli bir h\u00fck\u00fcmettir. 2015 y\u0131l\u0131nda, Libya\u2019y\u0131 2014\u2019ten beri b\u00f6len farkl\u0131 gruplar\u0131n uzla\u015fmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla kurulmu\u015f olup BM G\u00fcvenlik Konseyi taraf\u0131ndan konsens\u00fcs ile Libya\u2019n\u0131n yeg\u00e2ne idari otoritesi olarak tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. AB de birlik h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin kurulmas\u0131n\u0131<\/a> desteklemi\u015ftir.  <\/p>\n

Bir di\u011fer \u00f6nemli olgu ise TM\u2019nin -ve Hafter\u2019e ba\u011fl\u0131 kuvvetlerin- bizzat kendilerinin, Libya\u2019daki \u00e7at\u0131\u015fan gruplar aras\u0131nda 2015 y\u0131l\u0131nda imzalanan bir bar\u0131\u015f anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 takiben UMH\u2019nin kurulu\u015funu desteklemi\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r. G\u00fcvenlik Konseyi\u2019nin tan\u0131mas\u0131ndan sadece iki hafta sonra, Saleh \u0130ssa, \u015fu an UMH\u2019nin hukuken yetkisiz oldu\u011funu iddia eden ki\u015fi, UMH i\u00e7in TM\u2019nin deste\u011fini ve tan\u0131mas\u0131n\u0131 il\u00e2n etti. UMH\u2019yi kuracak yap\u0131, 2016 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda ilk toplant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011finde, kurulan h\u00fck\u00fcmet TM taraf\u0131ndan da g\u00fcvenoyu ald\u0131. Dahas\u0131, Hafter\u2019e ba\u011fl\u0131 kuvvetler UMH\u2019nin Mart 2016\u2019da baz\u0131 isyanc\u0131 gruplara kar\u015f\u0131 Trablus\u2019a yerle\u015fmesinin yolunu a\u00e7t\u0131. \u00d6te yandan, 2016 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n yaz\u0131nda TM baz\u0131 politik anla\u015fmazl\u0131klardan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc UMH\u2019ye olan deste\u011fini \u00e7ekti ve UMH\u2019ye meydan okuyup tan\u0131mas\u0131n\u0131 geri alarak bu h\u00fck\u00fcmetin rakip h\u00fck\u00fcmeti h\u00e2line geldi. 2018 y\u0131l\u0131nda Fransa ve \u0130talya\u2019da iki taraf aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan m\u00fczakerelere ra\u011fmen bir uzla\u015fma da sa\u011flanamad\u0131. T\u00fcm bunlara kar\u015f\u0131n, UMH h\u00e2l\u00e2, 2019 itibar\u0131yla, BM ve uluslararas\u0131 toplumun \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu taraf\u0131ndan Libya\u2019n\u0131n me\u015fru, h\u00e2liyle de jure h\u00fck\u00fcmeti olarak tan\u0131nmaktad\u0131r ve TM bu \u00e7apta yayg\u0131n bir tan\u0131nmay\u0131 hen\u00fcz kazanamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. UMH, Libya\u2019n\u0131n resmi birlik h\u00fck\u00fcmeti olup Hafter\u2019e ba\u011fl\u0131 kuvvetlerin de ilk a\u015famada tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere asli siyasi otoritedir. Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n geri g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi Libya B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7isi\u2019nin UMH taraf\u0131ndan atanm\u0131\u015f olan bir b\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7i olmas\u0131 da bu ger\u00e7e\u011fi g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7 olarak, UMH t\u00fcm \u00fclkedeki etkin kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc kaybetmedi\u011fi ve Libya\u2019n\u0131n tamam\u0131nda kontrol sa\u011flama potansiyelini muhafaza etti\u011fi s\u00fcrece \u00fclkenin de jure h\u00fck\u00fcmeti stat\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc de koruyacakt\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece, t\u00fcm \u00fclke ad\u0131na uluslararas\u0131 anla\u015fmalar imzalama yetkisini de muhafaza edecektir ki bu anla\u015fmalar Hafter\u2019in kuvvetleri de dahil olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm gelecek h\u00fck\u00fcmetler i\u00e7in ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. Bu yetkiden hareketle, UMH, T\u00fcrkiye ile yap\u0131lan anla\u015fman\u0131n Ek-1\u2019inde g\u00f6sterildi\u011fi \u015fekilde Libya\u2019n\u0131n deniz alanlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n tam koordinatlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde karar vermi\u015f ve hatta Anla\u015fma\u2019n\u0131n 5. maddesi uyar\u0131nca<\/a>, bu s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n gelecekte de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi veya g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irilmesinin engellenmesi hususunda T\u00fcrkiye ile hemfikir olmu\u015ftur. Ayr\u0131ca s\u00f6z konusu mutabakat muht\u0131ras\u0131 ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 bir uluslararas\u0131 anla\u015fma olarak, BM \u015eart\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 102. maddesi uyar\u0131nca, BM Genel Sekreterli\u011fine kaydedilmi\u015ftir. H\u00e2liyle, Saleh \u0130ssa\u2019n\u0131n Anla\u015fma\u2019n\u0131n hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusundaki iddias\u0131 uluslararas\u0131 hukuk a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan isabetli de\u011fildir. <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan bir hukuki de\u011ferlendirme i\u00e7in \u00f6nceki yaz\u0131m\u0131za bkz. https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/2019\/10\/16\/the-drilling-war-in-the-eastern-mediterranean-from-an-international-law-perspective\/<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>

<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

2019 Kas\u0131m ay\u0131n\u0131n sonlar\u0131na do\u011fru, T\u00fcrkiye ve Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler (BM) destekli Libya\u2019n\u0131n Ulusal Mutabakat H\u00fck\u00fcmeti (UMH) iki devlet aras\u0131ndaki deniz alanlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik bir mutabakat muht\u0131ras\u0131 imzalad\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":99,"featured_media":12668,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mo_disable_npp":"","ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[376],"tags":[],"asf_pub_issue":[10305],"asf_pub_region":[10321],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12960"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/99"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12960"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12960\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23880,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12960\/revisions\/23880"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12668"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12960"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12960"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12960"},{"taxonomy":"asf_pub_issue","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/asf_pub_issue?post=12960"},{"taxonomy":"asf_pub_region","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/asf_pub_region?post=12960"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}