{"id":26570,"date":"2020-11-23T12:44:41","date_gmt":"2020-11-23T09:44:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/?p=26570"},"modified":"2020-12-02T12:46:38","modified_gmt":"2020-12-02T09:46:38","slug":"bidenin-suudi-arabistan-politikasi-baski-mi-yoksa-potansiyel-bir-anlasma-mi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/2020\/11\/23\/bidenin-suudi-arabistan-politikasi-baski-mi-yoksa-potansiyel-bir-anlasma-mi\/","title":{"rendered":"Biden\u2019\u0131n Suudi Arabistan Politikas\u0131: Bask\u0131 m\u0131 yoksa potansiyel bir anla\u015fma m\u0131?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bu makalenin orijinal versiyonu Arap\u00e7a kaleme al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Joe Biden’in Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri Ba\u015fkan\u0131 olarak se\u00e7ilmesi, ABD’nin Suudi Arabistan’a y\u00f6nelik politikas\u0131nda, Suudi Arabistan\u2019\u0131n \u00f6zellikle d\u00f6rt farkl\u0131 durumda daha fazla bask\u0131ya maruz kalabilece\u011fi de\u011fi\u015fimlerin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131n\u0131 i\u015faret edebilir: Yemen sava\u015f\u0131nda s\u00fcregelen Suudi m\u00fcdahalesi, Katar ablukas\u0131 sorunu, Suudi Arabistan’daki insan haklar\u0131 sorunlar\u0131, \u00f6zellikle de Suudi kad\u0131n aktivistlerin tutuklanmas\u0131, ve gazeteci Cemal Ka\u015f\u0131k\u00e7\u0131’n\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesinin sorumlulu\u011fu.<\/p>\n

Suudi Arabistan’\u0131 \u00f6nemli bir finansal destek kayna\u011f\u0131 haline getiren ekonomik, siyasi ve stratejik \u00e7\u0131karlar a\u011f\u0131na bel ba\u011flayan yeni ABD y\u00f6netiminin, Riyad ile ili\u015fkilerinden tamamen vazge\u00e7mesi olas\u0131l\u0131k d\u0131\u015f\u0131 olsa da, Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7 kartlar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k bir t\u00fckenme halinde oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Bunun nedeni, Veliaht Prens Muhammed bin Selman\u2019\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye, \u0130ran\u2019a, Katar\u2019a ve Yemen\u2019e y\u00f6nelik d\u00fc\u015fmanca b\u00f6lgesel politikalar\u0131d\u0131r. Riyad\u2019\u0131n \u00f6nemli geri ad\u0131mlar atmaks\u0131z\u0131n olaylar\u0131 daha da t\u0131rmand\u0131rmak konusundaki \u0131srar\u0131, ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz d\u00f6rt y\u0131l i\u00e7inde eski ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Donald Trump ve Abu Dabi\u2019nin Veliaht Prensi Muhammed bin Zayed\u2019den ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 destek sebebiyle bu politikalardan ne elde etmek istedi\u011fine dair kapsaml\u0131 bir stratejik vizyon eksikli\u011fine sahiptir.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fkan Trump’\u0131n y\u00f6nelimlerinin Joe Biden’dan farkl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ikincisinin engin siyasi deneyimi g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Biden\u2019\u0131n Amerikan d\u0131\u015f politika g\u00fcndemini kontrol edece\u011fi bekleniyor. Biden \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki iki y\u0131l boyunca, kolektif ve diplomatik uluslararas\u0131 eylemi te\u015fvik etme, Covid-19 salg\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n yank\u0131lar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda i\u015f birli\u011fi, ve Avrupal\u0131 m\u00fcttefiklerle i\u015f birli\u011fine dayal\u0131 ili\u015fkileri aktif hale getirme meseleleriyle u\u011fra\u015facakt\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, iklim ve \u00e7evre konular\u0131na \u00f6zen g\u00f6sterme, Amerika’n\u0131n D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc’ne d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc, Washington\u2019un Paris \u0130klim Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019na ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 taahh\u00fct etmesi, Rusya’n\u0131n Suriye, Libya, Do\u011fu Akdeniz ve Kafkasya’daki geni\u015flemesine kar\u015f\u0131 koyma ve h\u0131zlanan \u00c7in y\u00fckseli\u015fiyle m\u00fccadelede daha etkili Amerikan giri\u015fimi aray\u0131\u015f\u0131 konular\u0131 Biden\u2019\u0131n g\u00fcndeminde yer alacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Amerika\u2019n\u0131n yukar\u0131da say\u0131lan e\u011filimlerinin uluslararas\u0131 d\u00fczeyde ve Washington\u2019un Ortado\u011fu b\u00f6lgesindeki politikalar\u0131na da yans\u0131mas\u0131 beklenmektedir ki bu da demokratik olmayan Arap rejimlerine verilen destek seviyesinde bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f anlam\u0131na gelebilir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda bu durum, Biden y\u00f6netiminin Suudi Arabistan, M\u0131s\u0131r ve BAE gibi b\u00f6lgedeki baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerin, ister \u00fclke i\u00e7indeki kendi vatanda\u015flar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik, ister Yemen ve Libya\u2019daki gibi d\u0131\u015f \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalara ve sava\u015flara giri\u015fmelerine y\u00f6nelik eylemlerini engellemek amac\u0131yla daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bask\u0131 uygulayabilece\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelebilir.<\/p>\n

Arap d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda “Trump’\u0131n miras\u0131n\u0131” h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ge\u00e7ersiz k\u0131lman\u0131n zor oldu\u011fu do\u011frudur ancak Amerikan “s\u00f6ylemindeki” de\u011fi\u015fim, Biden’\u0131n de\u011ferlere ve insan haklar\u0131na sayg\u0131y\u0131 yeniden benimsemesi, Trump d\u00f6nemindeki duruma k\u0131yasla yava\u015f yava\u015f Suudi rejimi \u00fczerinde daha fazla bask\u0131 olu\u015fturan bir ortam\u0131n yarat\u0131lmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n

Belki de bu ba\u011flamdaki en a\u00e7\u0131k g\u00f6sterge, Joe Biden’in 10 \u015eubat 2020’deki Ka\u015f\u0131k\u00e7\u0131 suikast\u0131n\u0131n ikinci y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcnde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamad\u0131r: Biden, \u201cKrall\u0131k ile ili\u015fkilerini yeniden de\u011ferlendirecek ve Suudi Arabistan’\u0131n Yemen’deki sava\u015f\u0131na deste\u011fi kesecek, silah satma veya petrol sat\u0131n alma kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Amerika’n\u0131n de\u011ferlerini bir kenara b\u0131rakmayacak ve d\u00fcnyan\u0131n her yerinde aktivistlerin, siyasi muhaliflerin ve gazetecilerin bask\u0131 ve \u015fiddet korkusu olmadan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini \u00f6zg\u00fcrce ifade etme hakk\u0131n\u0131 savunacakt\u0131r.”<\/p>\n

Suudiler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ise Biden’\u0131n iktidara gelmesi ve \u00f6zellikle Amerika\u2019n\u0131n \u0130ran ile n\u00fckleer anla\u015fmaya geri d\u00f6nmesi ciddi zorluklar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131yor \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu durum Suudi\u2019nin Tahran’\u0131 izole etmesi, Katar’\u0131 ablukaya almas\u0131 ve Yemen’deki Husilere bask\u0131 yapmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki t\u00fcm Suudi b\u00f6lgesel politikalar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmektedir.<\/p>\n

Riyad\u2019\u0131n, Ba\u015fkan Trump’\u0131n taleplerini yerine getirdi\u011fi s\u00fcrece Amerikan kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n Suudi Arabistan’\u0131 cezaland\u0131rmak veya bast\u0131rmak i\u00e7in herhangi bir \u00f6nlem almas\u0131n\u0131 engelleyen \u201cg\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc m\u00fcttefiki” Trump’\u0131n ayr\u0131lmas\u0131yla kaybedece\u011fine \u015f\u00fcphe yoktur. Bu durum \u00f6zellikle Ka\u015f\u0131k\u00e7\u0131 suikast\u0131n\u0131n ve Muhammed bin Selman’a kar\u015f\u0131 Amerika mahkemelerinde a\u00e7\u0131lan Saad Al-Jabri davas\u0131n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan \u00f6nem kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Trump\u2019\u0131n talepleri aras\u0131nda Amerikan ekonomisini desteklemek amac\u0131yla Suudi para ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ve yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, Riyad’\u0131n BAE, Bahreyn ve Sudan’\u0131n \u0130srail ile yak\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 destekleyece\u011fini taahh\u00fct etmesi, Filistinlileri m\u00fczakere masas\u0131na geri d\u00f6nmeye zorlamas\u0131, Y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019na y\u00f6nelik ele\u015ftirilerin durdurulmas\u0131 ve Arap-\u0130srail normalle\u015fmesinin h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Biden\u2019in Suudi Arabistan\u2019a y\u00f6nelik politikas\u0131ndaki de\u011fi\u015fimin boyutunu belirlemek, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde savunma, ulusal g\u00fcvenlik ve d\u0131\u015f politika kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n pozisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcstlenecek ki\u015filere ve Riyad’\u0131n, yukar\u0131da bahsedilen dosyalarda Washington’un Suudi Arabistan \u00fczerindeki bask\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131yla verece\u011fi tepkinin kapsam\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. \u00d6zetle, Suudi Arabistan’\u0131n BAE, Irak ve M\u0131s\u0131r ile ili\u015fkilerini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirme \u00e7abalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen mevcut manevra kabiliyetinin gittik\u00e7e daralaca\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6ze \u00e7arpmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/div>

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