![\"\"](\"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Sinan-Profile-Photo-150x150.jpg\" "\\"\\"")
Mohammed Sinan Siyech<\/a> <\/i> 22 Nisan 2021<\/span><\/h6><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>PDF \u0130ndir<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>Uzman G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc<\/a> \/ Suriye<\/a>, Irak<\/a> \/ B\u00f6lgesel Politika<\/a><\/h6><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>(Bu metin \u0130ngilizce orijinal versiyonundan terc\u00fcme edilmi\u015ftir.)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\u00d6zet:<\/strong> \u0130slam Devleti, 2020 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ortalar\u0131ndan bu yana Suriye ve Irak’taki sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 kademeli olarak art\u0131rd\u0131. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn b\u00f6lgede bir yeniden canlanma s\u00fcrecinden ge\u00e7ip ge\u00e7medi\u011fini sorgulamak i\u00e7in \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn her iki \u00fclkedeki son faaliyetlerini incelemektedir. Bu do\u011frultuda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn yeniden canlanmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan \u00e7e\u015fitli fakt\u00f6rleri haritaland\u0131rmakta ve b\u00f6lgedeki devletler i\u00e7in baz\u0131 siyasal \u00f6neriler sunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\nGiri\u015f<\/strong><\/p>\nKendini, Irak \u015eam \u0130slam Devleti ad\u0131yla ilan eden (I\u015e\u0130D veya \u0130D) \u00f6rg\u00fct, Haziran 2014’te Irak ordusunu Musul ve Tikrit’ten s\u00fcr\u00fcp bir halifelik kurdu\u011funu duyurmas\u0131yla k\u00fcresel bir ilgiyi \u00fczerinde toplad\u0131. \u00d6rg\u00fct, 2014-2019 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00f6nce Irak ve Suriye’de, ard\u0131ndan da d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli yerlerinde y\u00fczlerce sald\u0131r\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi. Ayr\u0131ca, siber su\u00e7larla m\u00fccadele eden kolluk kuvvetlerinin \u015fimdiye kadar g\u00f6rmedi\u011fi bir oranda internet \u00fczerinde propaganda yapt\u0131.[i]<\/a> T\u00fcm bunlar \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn tan\u0131nmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu ve zaman i\u00e7erisinde \u00f6rg\u00fct, kendisi taraf\u0131ndan do\u011frudan e\u011fitilmemi\u015f ancak ideolojilerinden ve davalar\u0131ndan etkilenen bireylerin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 pek \u00e7ok sald\u0131r\u0131ya da ilham verdi. Ayr\u0131ca, \u00f6rg\u00fct e\u015f zamanl\u0131 olarak Nijerya, Afganistan ve Filipinler gibi \u00fclkelerdeki bir\u00e7ok yerel grubu kendine katarak bu \u00fclkelerde de vilayetler olu\u015fturdu.[ii]<\/a><\/p>\nZamanla \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn, Irak ve Suriye’de sivillere ve siyasi muhaliflere y\u00f6nelik ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi \u00e7e\u015fitli yarg\u0131s\u0131z infazlar, yabanc\u0131 sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 \u00e7ekebilme yetenekleri ve bu iki \u00fclkede yol a\u00e7\u0131lan istikrars\u0131zl\u0131k, Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri gibi Bat\u0131l\u0131 \u00fclkeler taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6rg\u00fct kontrol\u00fcndeki b\u00f6lgelere yap\u0131lan sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n gerek\u00e7esi olarak sunuldu. Ayr\u0131ca Bat\u0131l\u0131 \u00fclkelerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra di\u011fer bir\u00e7ok b\u00f6lge \u00fclkesi de bu iki \u00fclkede daha fazla y\u0131k\u0131m d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fcne yol a\u00e7t\u0131.[iii]<\/a> \u00d6rg\u00fct 2017’ye kadar hem Suriye hem de Irak’taki topraklar\u0131n\u0131n %90’\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131n\u0131 ve Mart 2019’a kadar da bir zamanlar sahip oldu\u011fu t\u00fcm toprak par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti.[iv]<\/a> Dahas\u0131, liderleri farkl\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7leri taraf\u0131ndan tasfiye edildi ve bu gidi\u015fat, kendisini \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn lideri ve halifesi ilan eden Ebu Bekir Ba\u011fdadi’nin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcyle sonu\u00e7land\u0131.[v]<\/a><\/p>\n\u00c7o\u011fu devlet ve s\u0131radan g\u00f6zlemciler bu geli\u015fmeleri kutlarken, 2018’deki ter\u00f6rizm i\u015faretleri bu yap\u0131n\u0131n bir gerilla \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc olarak eski h\u00e2line d\u00f6nece\u011fini g\u00f6sterdi.[vi]<\/a> Bu tahmin, \u00f6rg\u00fct m\u00fcthi\u015f finansman olanaklar\u0131 ve d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ayakta tutan ideolojisiyle b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde do\u011fru \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. I\u015e\u0130D’li sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu gizlenip sadece ara s\u0131ra sald\u0131r\u0131lar d\u00fczenlerken, sald\u0131r\u0131 s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede artmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu nedenle, \u00e7e\u015fitli devletler ve g\u00f6zlemciler 2021 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ilk \u00e7eyre\u011finde \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn yeniden canland\u0131\u011f\u0131na tan\u0131k olduklar\u0131n\u0131 belirttiler.[vii]<\/a><\/p>\nBu do\u011frultuda, elinizdeki bu k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn ne \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde yeniden canland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bunu sald\u0131r\u0131lar, sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar, finansman ve di\u011fer parametreler gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli fakt\u00f6rler \u00fczerinden \u00f6l\u00e7meye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n devam\u0131nda, I\u015e\u0130D’in faaliyetlerindeki dalgalanmalar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamak i\u00e7in kar\u015f\u0131 isyan literat\u00fcr\u00fc kullan\u0131larak buna neden olan fakt\u00f6rler listelenmektedir. Son olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, s\u00f6z konusu faaliyetlerdeki bu art\u0131\u015f\u0131n siyasi sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n haritas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmakta ve politika yap\u0131c\u0131lara bu yeniden canlanmayla m\u00fccadele etmek i\u00e7in at\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken olas\u0131 ad\u0131mlar\u0131 g\u00f6stermeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/div>
<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u0130slam Devleti, 2020 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ortalar\u0131ndan bu yana Suriye ve Irak’taki sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 kademeli olarak art\u0131rd\u0131. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn b\u00f6lgede bir yeniden canlanma s\u00fcrecinden ge\u00e7ip ge\u00e7medi\u011fini sorgulamak i\u00e7in \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn her iki \u00fclkedeki son faaliyetlerini incelemektedir. Bu do\u011frultuda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn yeniden canlanmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan \u00e7e\u015fitli fakt\u00f6rleri haritaland\u0131rmakta ve b\u00f6lgedeki devletler i\u00e7in baz\u0131 siyasal \u00f6neriler sunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":149,"featured_media":27737,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mo_disable_npp":"","ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[361],"tags":[],"asf_pub_issue":[10319],"asf_pub_region":[10321,17580,17588],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27772"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/149"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27772"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27772\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":27875,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27772\/revisions\/27875"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/27737"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27772"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27772"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27772"},{"taxonomy":"asf_pub_issue","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/asf_pub_issue?post=27772"},{"taxonomy":"asf_pub_region","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/asf_pub_region?post=27772"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
Uzman G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc<\/a> \/ Suriye<\/a>, Irak<\/a> \/ B\u00f6lgesel Politika<\/a><\/h6><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>(Bu metin \u0130ngilizce orijinal versiyonundan terc\u00fcme edilmi\u015ftir.)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\u00d6zet:<\/strong> \u0130slam Devleti, 2020 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ortalar\u0131ndan bu yana Suriye ve Irak’taki sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 kademeli olarak art\u0131rd\u0131. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn b\u00f6lgede bir yeniden canlanma s\u00fcrecinden ge\u00e7ip ge\u00e7medi\u011fini sorgulamak i\u00e7in \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn her iki \u00fclkedeki son faaliyetlerini incelemektedir. Bu do\u011frultuda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn yeniden canlanmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan \u00e7e\u015fitli fakt\u00f6rleri haritaland\u0131rmakta ve b\u00f6lgedeki devletler i\u00e7in baz\u0131 siyasal \u00f6neriler sunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\nGiri\u015f<\/strong><\/p>\nKendini, Irak \u015eam \u0130slam Devleti ad\u0131yla ilan eden (I\u015e\u0130D veya \u0130D) \u00f6rg\u00fct, Haziran 2014’te Irak ordusunu Musul ve Tikrit’ten s\u00fcr\u00fcp bir halifelik kurdu\u011funu duyurmas\u0131yla k\u00fcresel bir ilgiyi \u00fczerinde toplad\u0131. \u00d6rg\u00fct, 2014-2019 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00f6nce Irak ve Suriye’de, ard\u0131ndan da d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli yerlerinde y\u00fczlerce sald\u0131r\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi. Ayr\u0131ca, siber su\u00e7larla m\u00fccadele eden kolluk kuvvetlerinin \u015fimdiye kadar g\u00f6rmedi\u011fi bir oranda internet \u00fczerinde propaganda yapt\u0131.[i]<\/a> T\u00fcm bunlar \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn tan\u0131nmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu ve zaman i\u00e7erisinde \u00f6rg\u00fct, kendisi taraf\u0131ndan do\u011frudan e\u011fitilmemi\u015f ancak ideolojilerinden ve davalar\u0131ndan etkilenen bireylerin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 pek \u00e7ok sald\u0131r\u0131ya da ilham verdi. Ayr\u0131ca, \u00f6rg\u00fct e\u015f zamanl\u0131 olarak Nijerya, Afganistan ve Filipinler gibi \u00fclkelerdeki bir\u00e7ok yerel grubu kendine katarak bu \u00fclkelerde de vilayetler olu\u015fturdu.[ii]<\/a><\/p>\nZamanla \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn, Irak ve Suriye’de sivillere ve siyasi muhaliflere y\u00f6nelik ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi \u00e7e\u015fitli yarg\u0131s\u0131z infazlar, yabanc\u0131 sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 \u00e7ekebilme yetenekleri ve bu iki \u00fclkede yol a\u00e7\u0131lan istikrars\u0131zl\u0131k, Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri gibi Bat\u0131l\u0131 \u00fclkeler taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6rg\u00fct kontrol\u00fcndeki b\u00f6lgelere yap\u0131lan sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n gerek\u00e7esi olarak sunuldu. Ayr\u0131ca Bat\u0131l\u0131 \u00fclkelerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra di\u011fer bir\u00e7ok b\u00f6lge \u00fclkesi de bu iki \u00fclkede daha fazla y\u0131k\u0131m d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fcne yol a\u00e7t\u0131.[iii]<\/a> \u00d6rg\u00fct 2017’ye kadar hem Suriye hem de Irak’taki topraklar\u0131n\u0131n %90’\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131n\u0131 ve Mart 2019’a kadar da bir zamanlar sahip oldu\u011fu t\u00fcm toprak par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti.[iv]<\/a> Dahas\u0131, liderleri farkl\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7leri taraf\u0131ndan tasfiye edildi ve bu gidi\u015fat, kendisini \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn lideri ve halifesi ilan eden Ebu Bekir Ba\u011fdadi’nin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcyle sonu\u00e7land\u0131.[v]<\/a><\/p>\n\u00c7o\u011fu devlet ve s\u0131radan g\u00f6zlemciler bu geli\u015fmeleri kutlarken, 2018’deki ter\u00f6rizm i\u015faretleri bu yap\u0131n\u0131n bir gerilla \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc olarak eski h\u00e2line d\u00f6nece\u011fini g\u00f6sterdi.[vi]<\/a> Bu tahmin, \u00f6rg\u00fct m\u00fcthi\u015f finansman olanaklar\u0131 ve d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ayakta tutan ideolojisiyle b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde do\u011fru \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. I\u015e\u0130D’li sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu gizlenip sadece ara s\u0131ra sald\u0131r\u0131lar d\u00fczenlerken, sald\u0131r\u0131 s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede artmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu nedenle, \u00e7e\u015fitli devletler ve g\u00f6zlemciler 2021 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ilk \u00e7eyre\u011finde \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn yeniden canland\u0131\u011f\u0131na tan\u0131k olduklar\u0131n\u0131 belirttiler.[vii]<\/a><\/p>\nBu do\u011frultuda, elinizdeki bu k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn ne \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde yeniden canland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bunu sald\u0131r\u0131lar, sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar, finansman ve di\u011fer parametreler gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli fakt\u00f6rler \u00fczerinden \u00f6l\u00e7meye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n devam\u0131nda, I\u015e\u0130D’in faaliyetlerindeki dalgalanmalar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamak i\u00e7in kar\u015f\u0131 isyan literat\u00fcr\u00fc kullan\u0131larak buna neden olan fakt\u00f6rler listelenmektedir. Son olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, s\u00f6z konusu faaliyetlerdeki bu art\u0131\u015f\u0131n siyasi sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n haritas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmakta ve politika yap\u0131c\u0131lara bu yeniden canlanmayla m\u00fccadele etmek i\u00e7in at\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken olas\u0131 ad\u0131mlar\u0131 g\u00f6stermeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/div>
<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u0130slam Devleti, 2020 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ortalar\u0131ndan bu yana Suriye ve Irak’taki sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 kademeli olarak art\u0131rd\u0131. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn b\u00f6lgede bir yeniden canlanma s\u00fcrecinden ge\u00e7ip ge\u00e7medi\u011fini sorgulamak i\u00e7in \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn her iki \u00fclkedeki son faaliyetlerini incelemektedir. Bu do\u011frultuda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn yeniden canlanmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan \u00e7e\u015fitli fakt\u00f6rleri haritaland\u0131rmakta ve b\u00f6lgedeki devletler i\u00e7in baz\u0131 siyasal \u00f6neriler sunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":149,"featured_media":27737,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mo_disable_npp":"","ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[361],"tags":[],"asf_pub_issue":[10319],"asf_pub_region":[10321,17580,17588],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27772"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/149"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27772"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27772\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":27875,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27772\/revisions\/27875"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/27737"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27772"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27772"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27772"},{"taxonomy":"asf_pub_issue","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/asf_pub_issue?post=27772"},{"taxonomy":"asf_pub_region","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/asf_pub_region?post=27772"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
(Bu metin \u0130ngilizce orijinal versiyonundan terc\u00fcme edilmi\u015ftir.)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n \u00d6zet:<\/strong> \u0130slam Devleti, 2020 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ortalar\u0131ndan bu yana Suriye ve Irak’taki sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 kademeli olarak art\u0131rd\u0131. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn b\u00f6lgede bir yeniden canlanma s\u00fcrecinden ge\u00e7ip ge\u00e7medi\u011fini sorgulamak i\u00e7in \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn her iki \u00fclkedeki son faaliyetlerini incelemektedir. Bu do\u011frultuda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn yeniden canlanmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan \u00e7e\u015fitli fakt\u00f6rleri haritaland\u0131rmakta ve b\u00f6lgedeki devletler i\u00e7in baz\u0131 siyasal \u00f6neriler sunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Giri\u015f<\/strong><\/p>\n Kendini, Irak \u015eam \u0130slam Devleti ad\u0131yla ilan eden (I\u015e\u0130D veya \u0130D) \u00f6rg\u00fct, Haziran 2014’te Irak ordusunu Musul ve Tikrit’ten s\u00fcr\u00fcp bir halifelik kurdu\u011funu duyurmas\u0131yla k\u00fcresel bir ilgiyi \u00fczerinde toplad\u0131. \u00d6rg\u00fct, 2014-2019 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00f6nce Irak ve Suriye’de, ard\u0131ndan da d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli yerlerinde y\u00fczlerce sald\u0131r\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi. Ayr\u0131ca, siber su\u00e7larla m\u00fccadele eden kolluk kuvvetlerinin \u015fimdiye kadar g\u00f6rmedi\u011fi bir oranda internet \u00fczerinde propaganda yapt\u0131.[i]<\/a> T\u00fcm bunlar \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn tan\u0131nmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu ve zaman i\u00e7erisinde \u00f6rg\u00fct, kendisi taraf\u0131ndan do\u011frudan e\u011fitilmemi\u015f ancak ideolojilerinden ve davalar\u0131ndan etkilenen bireylerin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 pek \u00e7ok sald\u0131r\u0131ya da ilham verdi. Ayr\u0131ca, \u00f6rg\u00fct e\u015f zamanl\u0131 olarak Nijerya, Afganistan ve Filipinler gibi \u00fclkelerdeki bir\u00e7ok yerel grubu kendine katarak bu \u00fclkelerde de vilayetler olu\u015fturdu.[ii]<\/a><\/p>\n Zamanla \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn, Irak ve Suriye’de sivillere ve siyasi muhaliflere y\u00f6nelik ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi \u00e7e\u015fitli yarg\u0131s\u0131z infazlar, yabanc\u0131 sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 \u00e7ekebilme yetenekleri ve bu iki \u00fclkede yol a\u00e7\u0131lan istikrars\u0131zl\u0131k, Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri gibi Bat\u0131l\u0131 \u00fclkeler taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6rg\u00fct kontrol\u00fcndeki b\u00f6lgelere yap\u0131lan sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n gerek\u00e7esi olarak sunuldu. Ayr\u0131ca Bat\u0131l\u0131 \u00fclkelerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra di\u011fer bir\u00e7ok b\u00f6lge \u00fclkesi de bu iki \u00fclkede daha fazla y\u0131k\u0131m d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fcne yol a\u00e7t\u0131.[iii]<\/a> \u00d6rg\u00fct 2017’ye kadar hem Suriye hem de Irak’taki topraklar\u0131n\u0131n %90’\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131n\u0131 ve Mart 2019’a kadar da bir zamanlar sahip oldu\u011fu t\u00fcm toprak par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti.[iv]<\/a> Dahas\u0131, liderleri farkl\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7leri taraf\u0131ndan tasfiye edildi ve bu gidi\u015fat, kendisini \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn lideri ve halifesi ilan eden Ebu Bekir Ba\u011fdadi’nin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcyle sonu\u00e7land\u0131.[v]<\/a><\/p>\n \u00c7o\u011fu devlet ve s\u0131radan g\u00f6zlemciler bu geli\u015fmeleri kutlarken, 2018’deki ter\u00f6rizm i\u015faretleri bu yap\u0131n\u0131n bir gerilla \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc olarak eski h\u00e2line d\u00f6nece\u011fini g\u00f6sterdi.[vi]<\/a> Bu tahmin, \u00f6rg\u00fct m\u00fcthi\u015f finansman olanaklar\u0131 ve d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ayakta tutan ideolojisiyle b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde do\u011fru \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. I\u015e\u0130D’li sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu gizlenip sadece ara s\u0131ra sald\u0131r\u0131lar d\u00fczenlerken, sald\u0131r\u0131 s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede artmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu nedenle, \u00e7e\u015fitli devletler ve g\u00f6zlemciler 2021 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ilk \u00e7eyre\u011finde \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn yeniden canland\u0131\u011f\u0131na tan\u0131k olduklar\u0131n\u0131 belirttiler.[vii]<\/a><\/p>\n Bu do\u011frultuda, elinizdeki bu k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn ne \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde yeniden canland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bunu sald\u0131r\u0131lar, sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar, finansman ve di\u011fer parametreler gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli fakt\u00f6rler \u00fczerinden \u00f6l\u00e7meye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n devam\u0131nda, I\u015e\u0130D’in faaliyetlerindeki dalgalanmalar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamak i\u00e7in kar\u015f\u0131 isyan literat\u00fcr\u00fc kullan\u0131larak buna neden olan fakt\u00f6rler listelenmektedir. Son olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, s\u00f6z konusu faaliyetlerdeki bu art\u0131\u015f\u0131n siyasi sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n haritas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmakta ve politika yap\u0131c\u0131lara bu yeniden canlanmayla m\u00fccadele etmek i\u00e7in at\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken olas\u0131 ad\u0131mlar\u0131 g\u00f6stermeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/div> \u0130slam Devleti, 2020 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ortalar\u0131ndan bu yana Suriye ve Irak’taki sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 kademeli olarak art\u0131rd\u0131. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn b\u00f6lgede bir yeniden canlanma s\u00fcrecinden ge\u00e7ip ge\u00e7medi\u011fini sorgulamak i\u00e7in \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn her iki \u00fclkedeki son faaliyetlerini incelemektedir. Bu do\u011frultuda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn yeniden canlanmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan \u00e7e\u015fitli fakt\u00f6rleri haritaland\u0131rmakta ve b\u00f6lgedeki devletler i\u00e7in baz\u0131 siyasal \u00f6neriler sunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":149,"featured_media":27737,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mo_disable_npp":"","ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[361],"tags":[],"asf_pub_issue":[10319],"asf_pub_region":[10321,17580,17588],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27772"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/149"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27772"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27772\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":27875,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27772\/revisions\/27875"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/27737"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27772"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27772"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27772"},{"taxonomy":"asf_pub_issue","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/asf_pub_issue?post=27772"},{"taxonomy":"asf_pub_region","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/asf_pub_region?post=27772"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}