{"id":27914,"date":"2021-04-16T12:27:08","date_gmt":"2021-04-16T09:27:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/?p=27914"},"modified":"2021-05-31T13:16:07","modified_gmt":"2021-05-31T10:16:07","slug":"suriyede-parcalanma-krizi-ve-yeni-bir-yol-icin-yerel-bir-yaklasim","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/2021\/04\/16\/suriyede-parcalanma-krizi-ve-yeni-bir-yol-icin-yerel-bir-yaklasim\/","title":{"rendered":"Suriye\u2019de Par\u00e7alanma Krizi ve Yeni Bir Yol \u0130\u00e7in Yerel Bir Yakla\u015f\u0131m"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 whitecolor pub-meta-data hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling fusion-equal-height-columns\" style=\"--link_hover_color: #f5f5f5;--link_color: #ffffff;--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:2px;--awb-padding-right:6%;--awb-padding-bottom:2px;--awb-padding-left:6%;--awb-margin-top:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;--awb-background-color:#901235;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-one-third fusion-column-first\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;width:33.333333333333%;width:calc(33.333333333333% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.33333333333333 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-column-content-centered\"><div class=\"fusion-column-content\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-1 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-center fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-six text-upper\" style=\"--awb-text-color:#ffffff;--awb-margin-bottom:10px;--awb-font-size:16px;\"><h6 class=\"title-heading-center\" style=\"font-family:&quot;Open Sans Condensed&quot;;font-style:normal;font-weight:300;margin:0;font-size:1em;\"><a class=\"whitecolor\" href=\"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/author\/ayman-aldassouky\/\"><img src=\"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/ayman-dakous-150x150.jpeg\" class=\"postauthorimg\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"> Ayman Aldassouky<\/a>  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span ><i class=\"fa-calendar-alt far\" data-name=\"calendar-alt\"><\/i> 16 Nisan 2021<\/span><\/h6><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-one-third\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;width:33.333333333333%;width:calc(33.333333333333% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.33333333333333 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-column-content-centered\"><div class=\"fusion-column-content\"><div class=\"fusion-aligncenter\"><a class=\"fusion-button button-flat fusion-button-default-size button-custom fusion-button-default button-1 fusion-button-default-span fusion-button-default-type fusion-has-button-gradient\" style=\"--button_accent_color:#000000;--button_accent_hover_color:#8a1538;--button_border_hover_color:#ffffff;--button_gradient_top_color:#ffffff;--button_gradient_bottom_color:#ffffff;--button_gradient_top_color_hover:#ffffff;--button_gradient_bottom_color_hover:rgba(51,51,51,0.22);\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/download\/27916\/\"><span class=\"fusion-button-text\">PDF \u0130ndir<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-one-third fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;width:33.333333333333%;width:calc(33.333333333333% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.33333333333333 ) );\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-column-content-centered\"><div class=\"fusion-column-content\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-2 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-center fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-six text-upper\" style=\"--awb-text-color:#ffffff;--awb-margin-bottom:10px;--awb-font-size:16px;\"><h6 class=\"title-heading-center\" style=\"font-family:&quot;Open Sans Condensed&quot;;font-style:normal;font-weight:300;margin:0;font-size:1em;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/category\/yayinlar\/uzman-gorusu\/\">Uzman G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc<\/a> \/  \/ <a href=\"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/issue\/bolgesel-politika\/\">B\u00f6lgesel Politika<\/a><\/h6><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-3 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:20px;--awb-padding-right:20px;--awb-padding-bottom:20px;--awb-padding-left:20px;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:2px 2px 20px 2px #dddddd;;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><em>(Bu metin Arap\u00e7a orijinal versiyonundan terc\u00fcme edilmi\u015ftir.)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00d6zet: Suriye\u2019de, \u00fclkenin co\u011frafyas\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fan tehlikeler bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu tehlikeler aras\u0131nda y\u00f6netimsel yap\u0131lar\u0131n kabul edilebilirli\u011fi ve me\u015fruiyetinin zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve par\u00e7alanm\u0131\u015f bir co\u011frafyada olu\u015fan keyfi demografi ba\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ekmektedir. Buna ek olarak, anayasal g\u00fcvence alt\u0131ndaki siyasi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmden yoksunluk, mevcut n\u00fcfuz alanlar\u0131 \u00fczerinden kendini g\u00f6steren par\u00e7alanm\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 derinle\u015ftirmektedir. N\u00fcfuz alanlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yerel ve merkezi \u00f6l\u00e7ekte bir siyasi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde yap\u0131lacak bir m\u00fczakere s\u00fcreci, Suriye\u2019de me\u015fru bir y\u00f6netim d\u00fczeni olu\u015fturabilir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Giri\u015f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Suriye devleti, 2011 \u00f6ncesi d\u00f6nemde y\u00f6netimsel ve ekonomik d\u00fczeyde merkezi bir devletti. Karar al\u0131c\u0131 otorite, sadece \u015eam\u2019daki devlet m\u00fcesseselerindeydi. Bununla birlikte kaynaklar\u0131n da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131, belli b\u00f6lgelere a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k veren sermayedarlar\u0131n \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131na g\u00f6re yap\u0131l\u0131yordu. Bu durum merkez ile yerel aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkilerin kriz ya\u015famas\u0131na ve kendisini 2011 y\u0131l\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan hareketlilikle \u00e7e\u015fitli \u015fekillerde ifade eden bir mazlumiyete sebep olmu\u015ftur. Bu mazlumiyet, bazen bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l bazen de askeri y\u00f6ntemlerle kendisini ifade etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Onuncu y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 tamamlayan hareketlilik, devlet yap\u0131s\u0131 ve mercili\u011finde belli etkiler yapt\u0131. Her ne kadar devlet \u00e7\u00f6kmese de devletin merkeziyeti, par\u00e7alanm\u0131\u015f co\u011frafya ve otoriteler lehine de\u011fi\u015fti. Mevcut durumu baz\u0131lar\u0131, bir \u00e7e\u015fit adem-i merkeziyet\u00e7ilik olarak tan\u0131ml\u0131yor. Bununla, b\u00f6lgesel g\u00fc\u00e7lerin uzant\u0131s\u0131 olan \u00e7e\u015fitli isimlerdeki emrivaki y\u00f6netimlerin h\u00e2kim oldu\u011fu n\u00fcfuz b\u00f6lgelerini a\u00e7\u0131klamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar. I\u015e\u0130D ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcne y\u00f6nelik askeri operasyonlar nedeniyle 2012 ile 2020 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda n\u00fcfuz b\u00f6lgeleri aras\u0131ndaki s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n ge\u00e7i\u015fken olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen s\u00f6z konusu s\u0131n\u0131rlar k\u0131smen kal\u0131c\u0131 oldu ve \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n ge\u00e7ici olarak donmas\u0131na sebebiyet verdi. Bu durum son bir y\u0131ld\u0131r b\u00fcy\u00fck askeri operasyonlar\u0131n durmas\u0131n\u0131n bir g\u00f6stergesidir.<\/p>\n<p>Par\u00e7alanm\u0131\u015fl\u0131k h\u00e2li ve bu h\u00e2lin ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmlerin Suriye h\u00fck\u00fcmeti ve otoritesine olan etkilerine dair tart\u0131\u015fmalar s\u00fcrmektedir. Bu etkiler, \u00e7e\u015fitli \u015fartlara ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu \u015fartlar\u0131n meydana gelmesi, devletin yeniden in\u015fa edilerek g\u00f6revini yapmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak ve merkezin yerel y\u00f6netimlerle do\u011fru bir ili\u015fki kurmas\u0131n\u0131 beraberinde getirecek, da\u011f\u0131n\u0131kl\u0131k h\u00e2lini yap\u0131c\u0131 bir yeni rejime d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrecek kesin etmenleri olu\u015fturabilir. Bu \u015fartlar\u0131n meydana gelmemesi ise mevcut da\u011f\u0131n\u0131kl\u0131k h\u00e2lini aksi istikamete \u00e7evirecektir. Bu da bir yandan devletin kalan temellerini tehdit ederken, di\u011fer yandan da par\u00e7alanm\u0131\u015fl\u0131k durumunu besleyecek, d\u0131\u015f m\u00fcdahaleleri g\u00fc\u00e7lendirecek ve s\u00f6z konusu b\u00f6lgelerde h\u00e2kim sava\u015f baronlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc art\u0131racak bir h\u00e2le sebep olacakt\u0131r. Bahsetti\u011fimiz \u015fartlar \u015funlard\u0131r; tamamlay\u0131c\u0131 bir otoriteye imk\u00e2n tan\u0131yacak dengeli bir co\u011frafi ve demografik \u00e7er\u00e7eve, bu \u00e7er\u00e7eve i\u00e7indeki yerel otoritelerin me\u015fruiyetinin tan\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kabul edilebilir bir zemin, yerel otoritelerin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fan ve tamamlay\u0131c\u0131 y\u00f6netimin ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 getirecek bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131, son olarak adem-i merkeziyet\u00e7i durumu anayasal ve kanuni zemine oturtacak bir yerel ve merkezi siyasi \u00e7er\u00e7eve.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Suriye\u2019de, \u00fclkenin co\u011frafyas\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fan tehlikeler bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu tehlikeler aras\u0131nda y\u00f6netimsel yap\u0131lar\u0131n kabul edilebilirli\u011fi ve me\u015fruiyetinin zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve par\u00e7alanm\u0131\u015f bir co\u011frafyada olu\u015fan keyfi demografi ba\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ekmektedir<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":81,"featured_media":27709,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mo_disable_npp":"","ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[361],"tags":[],"asf_pub_issue":[10319],"asf_pub_region":[10321],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27914"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/81"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27914"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27914\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":27921,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27914\/revisions\/27921"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/27709"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27914"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27914"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27914"},{"taxonomy":"asf_pub_issue","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/asf_pub_issue?post=27914"},{"taxonomy":"asf_pub_region","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/asf_pub_region?post=27914"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}