![\"\"](\"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/zubir-150x150.png\" "\\"\\"")
Zubir R Ahmed<\/a> <\/i> 14 Eyl\u00fcl 2021<\/span><\/h6><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>PDF \u0130ndir<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>Uzman G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc<\/a> \/ Irak<\/a> \/ <\/h6><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>(Bu metin \u0130ngilizce orijinal versiyonundan terc\u00fcme edilmi\u015ftir.)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\nGiri\u015f<\/strong><\/p>\nA\u011fustos 2021 ba\u015flar\u0131nda Mustafa Kaz\u0131mi h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, b\u00f6lgesel sorunlara ve bunlar\u0131n \u00fcstesinden gelmenin yollar\u0131na odaklanacak olan bir \u201cIrak\u2019a Kom\u015fu \u00dclkeler Konferans\u0131\u201d d\u00fczenlenece\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. 28 A\u011fustos 2021 tarihinde d\u00fczenlenen konferans \u00f6ncelikli hedefi Irak\u2019\u0131n kom\u015fular\u0131 olan \u0130ran, T\u00fcrkiye, Suudi Arabistan, Kuveyt ve \u00dcrd\u00fcn\u2019\u00fc (Suriye davetli de\u011fildi) bir araya getirmekti. Fakat kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 listesi daha sonra Fransa, M\u0131s\u0131r, Katar ve Birle\u015fik Arap Emirlikleri (BAE) gibi b\u00f6lge d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve birbirine kom\u015fu olmayan \u00fclkelerden delegeleri de kapsayacak \u015fekilde geni\u015fletildi. Ayr\u0131ca, Arap Birli\u011fi; Avrupa Birli\u011fi ve Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler gibi b\u00f6lgesel ve uluslararas\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctlerin de delegeleri davet edildi. Ba\u011fdat Zirvesi\u2019nin \u00f6nemi, Irak\u2019\u0131n ilk kez b\u00f6lgesel gerilimleri azaltmak \u00fczere kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 y\u00fcksek \u00fcst d\u00fczey bir konferans kapsam\u0131nda diplomatik bir inisiyatif almas\u0131d\u0131r. Konferans\u0131n etkisini konu\u015fmak i\u00e7in hen\u00fcz \u00e7ok erken olsa da[i]<\/a> Irak b\u00f6lgesel bir diyalo\u011fa zemin haz\u0131rlayabilirse bu Irak\u2019\u0131n 2003 sonras\u0131 d\u00f6nemdeki en \u00f6nemli diplomatik ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 olacak ve b\u00f6lgesel bir akt\u00f6r olarak stat\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc normalle\u015ftirecek.<\/p>\nKaz\u0131mi h\u00fck\u00fcmetine verilen yetkinin geni\u015fletilmi\u015f kapsam\u0131yla birlikte bu konferans, 2003\u2019te Birle\u015fik Devletler\u2019in (ABD) \u00fclkeyi i\u015fgali sonras\u0131 Irak diplomasisinin d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendiriliyor. Bu makale Irak h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin Ba\u011fdat \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi ve Ortakl\u0131k Konferans\u0131\u2019n\u0131 d\u00fczenleme amac\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klayacak. Bu noktada Irak\u2019a y\u00f6nelik ABD deste\u011finin ve Irak\u2019\u0131n korunup s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesine olan ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n gelece\u011fine ili\u015fkin belirsizli\u011fin Irakl\u0131 liderleri b\u00f6lgesel i\u015f birli\u011fi ve entegrasyon aray\u0131\u015f\u0131na zorlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia ediyorum. Ayr\u0131ca Ba\u011fdat, ABD\u2019nin Irak\u2019taki misyonunun de\u011fi\u015fmesinin ard\u0131ndan yap\u0131c\u0131 bir rol \u00fcstlenmek i\u00e7in Irak\u2019\u0131n kom\u015fular\u0131 aras\u0131nda b\u00f6lgesel bir uzla\u015f\u0131 kurmay\u0131 ama\u00e7l\u0131yor. Irak h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin bu giri\u015fiminin ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde iki ana \u015farta ba\u011fl\u0131 olacak: Birincisi, erken se\u00e7im sonras\u0131 kurulacak Irak h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin niteli\u011fi, ikincisi ise ABD-\u0130ran n\u00fckleer g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerinin sonucu.<\/p>\n
Amerika\u2019n\u0131n 2011\u2019de Irak\u2019tan \u00e7ekilmesinden sonra \u00fclkenin b\u00f6lgesel ve uluslararas\u0131 arenadaki m\u00fcnasip rol\u00fcn\u00fc yeniden g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmeyi ama\u00e7layan bir\u00e7ok giri\u015fimde bulunuldu. En son yap\u0131lan giri\u015fim bu y\u0131l\u0131n Haziran ay\u0131n\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda Irak, M\u0131s\u0131r ve \u00dcrd\u00fcn aras\u0131nda \u00fcst diplomatik seviyede imzalanan bir anla\u015fmayd\u0131. Irak Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Kaz\u0131mi, bu anla\u015fmayla Arap devletlerinin Suriye, Filistin, Libya ve Yemen\u2019deki \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zmek amac\u0131yla \u201ci\u015f birli\u011fi ve koordinasyonla ortak bir vizyon\u201d geli\u015ftirmeyi ama\u00e7lad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015fti.[ii]<\/a> Kaz\u0131mi\u2019nin g\u00f6reve ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 May\u0131s 2020\u2019den bu yana ABD, Avrupa \u00fclkeleri ve daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seviyede Arap K\u00f6rfez \u00fclkelerinin Irak\u2019\u0131n kom\u015fu \u00fclkeler ve b\u00f6lgesel akt\u00f6rlerle olan ili\u015fkilerini dengeleyici bir tarzda \u00fclkesini y\u00f6netebilece\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde y\u00fcksek beklentileri vard\u0131. Kaz\u0131mi\u2019nin iktidara gelmesi uygun bir zamanda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00f6fkeli protestocular ve Irak\u2019\u0131n kilit uluslararas\u0131 destek\u00e7ileri g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc siyasi ve hukuki kurumlar kurup, silahl\u0131 milis gruplar\u0131 kontrol alt\u0131na alarak yolsuzlukla m\u00fccadele edebilece\u011fini umut ediyordu. Halk\u0131n Kaz\u0131mi h\u00fck\u00fcmetinden beklentileri y\u00fcksekti ve kabinesi ilk ba\u015flarda Irak\u2019\u0131n farkl\u0131 kesimlerinden de geni\u015f destek ald\u0131.[iii]<\/a><\/p>\nKaz\u0131mi\u2019nin b\u00f6lgesel diplomasisi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nceki y\u00f6netimlerin sahip olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kendi lehine i\u015fleyen iki fakt\u00f6r vard\u0131. Birincisi ve en \u00f6nemlisi, Irak\u2019\u0131n \u015eii n\u00fcfusu aras\u0131nda \u0130ran\u2019a duyulan siyasi destek ve yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n azalmas\u0131yd\u0131. 2020 sonlar\u0131nda yap\u0131lan anketlere g\u00f6re \u201c\u0130ran politik \u0130slam modeli olarak \u015eii\u2019ler aras\u0131nda yumu\u015fak g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc kaybetti.\u201d \u00d6yle ki Irakl\u0131lar\u0131n y\u00fczde 85\u2019inden fazlas\u0131 ve \u015eiilerin y\u00fczde 82\u2019si \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n Irak\u2019ta olumsuz bir rol oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyordu.[iv]<\/a> \u0130kinci fakt\u00f6r ise ba\u015fta \u015eii n\u00fcfus olmak \u00fczere halk\u0131n 2003\u2019ten bu yana Irak\u2019taki siyasi s\u00fcrece h\u00fckmeden geleneksel siyasi elite duydu\u011fu g\u00fcvenin zay\u0131flam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131yd\u0131. Son y\u0131llarda \u015eii topluluklar Irakl\u0131 S\u00fcnni ve K\u00fcrtlere k\u0131yasla siyasi sistemlerinden daha y\u00fcksek oranda memnuniyetsizlik g\u00f6sterdi.[v]<\/a> Irak\u2019\u0131n siyaset sahnesindeki bu iki farkl\u0131 durum Irakl\u0131lar\u0131n, \u00f6zellikle de \u015eiilerin hem \u0130ran hem de mevcut siyasi elite kar\u015f\u0131 duydu\u011fu hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bir g\u00f6stergesiydi. Yukar\u0131da bahsedilen de\u011fi\u015fimler Kaz\u0131mi h\u00fck\u00fcmetine Irak diplomasisinin kapsam\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fletip Arap b\u00f6lgesi i\u00e7inde ili\u015fkilerini dengelemesi i\u00e7in alan ve daha da \u00f6nemlisi yetki tan\u0131d\u0131.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"A\u011fustos 2021 ba\u015flar\u0131nda Mustafa Kaz\u0131mi h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, b\u00f6lgesel sorunlara ve bunlar\u0131n \u00fcstesinden gelmenin yollar\u0131na odaklanacak olan bir \u201cIrak\u2019a Kom\u015fu \u00dclkeler Konferans\u0131\u201d d\u00fczenlenece\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. 28 A\u011fustos 2021 tarihinde d\u00fczenlenen konferans \u00f6ncelikli hedefi Irak\u2019\u0131n kom\u015fular\u0131 olan \u0130ran, T\u00fcrkiye, Suudi Arabistan, Kuveyt ve \u00dcrd\u00fcn\u2019\u00fc (Suriye davetli de\u011fildi) bir araya getirmekti<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":220,"featured_media":28870,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mo_disable_npp":"","ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[361],"tags":[],"asf_pub_issue":[],"asf_pub_region":[10321,17588],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28959"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/220"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28959"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28959\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29099,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28959\/revisions\/29099"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/28870"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28959"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=28959"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=28959"},{"taxonomy":"asf_pub_issue","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/asf_pub_issue?post=28959"},{"taxonomy":"asf_pub_region","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/asf_pub_region?post=28959"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
Uzman G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc<\/a> \/ Irak<\/a> \/ <\/h6><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>(Bu metin \u0130ngilizce orijinal versiyonundan terc\u00fcme edilmi\u015ftir.)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\nGiri\u015f<\/strong><\/p>\nA\u011fustos 2021 ba\u015flar\u0131nda Mustafa Kaz\u0131mi h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, b\u00f6lgesel sorunlara ve bunlar\u0131n \u00fcstesinden gelmenin yollar\u0131na odaklanacak olan bir \u201cIrak\u2019a Kom\u015fu \u00dclkeler Konferans\u0131\u201d d\u00fczenlenece\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. 28 A\u011fustos 2021 tarihinde d\u00fczenlenen konferans \u00f6ncelikli hedefi Irak\u2019\u0131n kom\u015fular\u0131 olan \u0130ran, T\u00fcrkiye, Suudi Arabistan, Kuveyt ve \u00dcrd\u00fcn\u2019\u00fc (Suriye davetli de\u011fildi) bir araya getirmekti. Fakat kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 listesi daha sonra Fransa, M\u0131s\u0131r, Katar ve Birle\u015fik Arap Emirlikleri (BAE) gibi b\u00f6lge d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve birbirine kom\u015fu olmayan \u00fclkelerden delegeleri de kapsayacak \u015fekilde geni\u015fletildi. Ayr\u0131ca, Arap Birli\u011fi; Avrupa Birli\u011fi ve Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler gibi b\u00f6lgesel ve uluslararas\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctlerin de delegeleri davet edildi. Ba\u011fdat Zirvesi\u2019nin \u00f6nemi, Irak\u2019\u0131n ilk kez b\u00f6lgesel gerilimleri azaltmak \u00fczere kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 y\u00fcksek \u00fcst d\u00fczey bir konferans kapsam\u0131nda diplomatik bir inisiyatif almas\u0131d\u0131r. Konferans\u0131n etkisini konu\u015fmak i\u00e7in hen\u00fcz \u00e7ok erken olsa da[i]<\/a> Irak b\u00f6lgesel bir diyalo\u011fa zemin haz\u0131rlayabilirse bu Irak\u2019\u0131n 2003 sonras\u0131 d\u00f6nemdeki en \u00f6nemli diplomatik ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 olacak ve b\u00f6lgesel bir akt\u00f6r olarak stat\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc normalle\u015ftirecek.<\/p>\nKaz\u0131mi h\u00fck\u00fcmetine verilen yetkinin geni\u015fletilmi\u015f kapsam\u0131yla birlikte bu konferans, 2003\u2019te Birle\u015fik Devletler\u2019in (ABD) \u00fclkeyi i\u015fgali sonras\u0131 Irak diplomasisinin d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendiriliyor. Bu makale Irak h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin Ba\u011fdat \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi ve Ortakl\u0131k Konferans\u0131\u2019n\u0131 d\u00fczenleme amac\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klayacak. Bu noktada Irak\u2019a y\u00f6nelik ABD deste\u011finin ve Irak\u2019\u0131n korunup s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesine olan ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n gelece\u011fine ili\u015fkin belirsizli\u011fin Irakl\u0131 liderleri b\u00f6lgesel i\u015f birli\u011fi ve entegrasyon aray\u0131\u015f\u0131na zorlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia ediyorum. Ayr\u0131ca Ba\u011fdat, ABD\u2019nin Irak\u2019taki misyonunun de\u011fi\u015fmesinin ard\u0131ndan yap\u0131c\u0131 bir rol \u00fcstlenmek i\u00e7in Irak\u2019\u0131n kom\u015fular\u0131 aras\u0131nda b\u00f6lgesel bir uzla\u015f\u0131 kurmay\u0131 ama\u00e7l\u0131yor. Irak h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin bu giri\u015fiminin ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde iki ana \u015farta ba\u011fl\u0131 olacak: Birincisi, erken se\u00e7im sonras\u0131 kurulacak Irak h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin niteli\u011fi, ikincisi ise ABD-\u0130ran n\u00fckleer g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerinin sonucu.<\/p>\n
Amerika\u2019n\u0131n 2011\u2019de Irak\u2019tan \u00e7ekilmesinden sonra \u00fclkenin b\u00f6lgesel ve uluslararas\u0131 arenadaki m\u00fcnasip rol\u00fcn\u00fc yeniden g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmeyi ama\u00e7layan bir\u00e7ok giri\u015fimde bulunuldu. En son yap\u0131lan giri\u015fim bu y\u0131l\u0131n Haziran ay\u0131n\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda Irak, M\u0131s\u0131r ve \u00dcrd\u00fcn aras\u0131nda \u00fcst diplomatik seviyede imzalanan bir anla\u015fmayd\u0131. Irak Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Kaz\u0131mi, bu anla\u015fmayla Arap devletlerinin Suriye, Filistin, Libya ve Yemen\u2019deki \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zmek amac\u0131yla \u201ci\u015f birli\u011fi ve koordinasyonla ortak bir vizyon\u201d geli\u015ftirmeyi ama\u00e7lad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015fti.[ii]<\/a> Kaz\u0131mi\u2019nin g\u00f6reve ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 May\u0131s 2020\u2019den bu yana ABD, Avrupa \u00fclkeleri ve daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seviyede Arap K\u00f6rfez \u00fclkelerinin Irak\u2019\u0131n kom\u015fu \u00fclkeler ve b\u00f6lgesel akt\u00f6rlerle olan ili\u015fkilerini dengeleyici bir tarzda \u00fclkesini y\u00f6netebilece\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde y\u00fcksek beklentileri vard\u0131. Kaz\u0131mi\u2019nin iktidara gelmesi uygun bir zamanda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00f6fkeli protestocular ve Irak\u2019\u0131n kilit uluslararas\u0131 destek\u00e7ileri g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc siyasi ve hukuki kurumlar kurup, silahl\u0131 milis gruplar\u0131 kontrol alt\u0131na alarak yolsuzlukla m\u00fccadele edebilece\u011fini umut ediyordu. Halk\u0131n Kaz\u0131mi h\u00fck\u00fcmetinden beklentileri y\u00fcksekti ve kabinesi ilk ba\u015flarda Irak\u2019\u0131n farkl\u0131 kesimlerinden de geni\u015f destek ald\u0131.[iii]<\/a><\/p>\nKaz\u0131mi\u2019nin b\u00f6lgesel diplomasisi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nceki y\u00f6netimlerin sahip olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kendi lehine i\u015fleyen iki fakt\u00f6r vard\u0131. Birincisi ve en \u00f6nemlisi, Irak\u2019\u0131n \u015eii n\u00fcfusu aras\u0131nda \u0130ran\u2019a duyulan siyasi destek ve yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n azalmas\u0131yd\u0131. 2020 sonlar\u0131nda yap\u0131lan anketlere g\u00f6re \u201c\u0130ran politik \u0130slam modeli olarak \u015eii\u2019ler aras\u0131nda yumu\u015fak g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc kaybetti.\u201d \u00d6yle ki Irakl\u0131lar\u0131n y\u00fczde 85\u2019inden fazlas\u0131 ve \u015eiilerin y\u00fczde 82\u2019si \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n Irak\u2019ta olumsuz bir rol oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyordu.[iv]<\/a> \u0130kinci fakt\u00f6r ise ba\u015fta \u015eii n\u00fcfus olmak \u00fczere halk\u0131n 2003\u2019ten bu yana Irak\u2019taki siyasi s\u00fcrece h\u00fckmeden geleneksel siyasi elite duydu\u011fu g\u00fcvenin zay\u0131flam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131yd\u0131. Son y\u0131llarda \u015eii topluluklar Irakl\u0131 S\u00fcnni ve K\u00fcrtlere k\u0131yasla siyasi sistemlerinden daha y\u00fcksek oranda memnuniyetsizlik g\u00f6sterdi.[v]<\/a> Irak\u2019\u0131n siyaset sahnesindeki bu iki farkl\u0131 durum Irakl\u0131lar\u0131n, \u00f6zellikle de \u015eiilerin hem \u0130ran hem de mevcut siyasi elite kar\u015f\u0131 duydu\u011fu hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bir g\u00f6stergesiydi. Yukar\u0131da bahsedilen de\u011fi\u015fimler Kaz\u0131mi h\u00fck\u00fcmetine Irak diplomasisinin kapsam\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fletip Arap b\u00f6lgesi i\u00e7inde ili\u015fkilerini dengelemesi i\u00e7in alan ve daha da \u00f6nemlisi yetki tan\u0131d\u0131.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"A\u011fustos 2021 ba\u015flar\u0131nda Mustafa Kaz\u0131mi h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, b\u00f6lgesel sorunlara ve bunlar\u0131n \u00fcstesinden gelmenin yollar\u0131na odaklanacak olan bir \u201cIrak\u2019a Kom\u015fu \u00dclkeler Konferans\u0131\u201d d\u00fczenlenece\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. 28 A\u011fustos 2021 tarihinde d\u00fczenlenen konferans \u00f6ncelikli hedefi Irak\u2019\u0131n kom\u015fular\u0131 olan \u0130ran, T\u00fcrkiye, Suudi Arabistan, Kuveyt ve \u00dcrd\u00fcn\u2019\u00fc (Suriye davetli de\u011fildi) bir araya getirmekti<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":220,"featured_media":28870,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mo_disable_npp":"","ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[361],"tags":[],"asf_pub_issue":[],"asf_pub_region":[10321,17588],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28959"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/220"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28959"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28959\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29099,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28959\/revisions\/29099"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/28870"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28959"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=28959"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=28959"},{"taxonomy":"asf_pub_issue","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/asf_pub_issue?post=28959"},{"taxonomy":"asf_pub_region","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/asf_pub_region?post=28959"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
(Bu metin \u0130ngilizce orijinal versiyonundan terc\u00fcme edilmi\u015ftir.)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n Giri\u015f<\/strong><\/p>\n A\u011fustos 2021 ba\u015flar\u0131nda Mustafa Kaz\u0131mi h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, b\u00f6lgesel sorunlara ve bunlar\u0131n \u00fcstesinden gelmenin yollar\u0131na odaklanacak olan bir \u201cIrak\u2019a Kom\u015fu \u00dclkeler Konferans\u0131\u201d d\u00fczenlenece\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. 28 A\u011fustos 2021 tarihinde d\u00fczenlenen konferans \u00f6ncelikli hedefi Irak\u2019\u0131n kom\u015fular\u0131 olan \u0130ran, T\u00fcrkiye, Suudi Arabistan, Kuveyt ve \u00dcrd\u00fcn\u2019\u00fc (Suriye davetli de\u011fildi) bir araya getirmekti. Fakat kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 listesi daha sonra Fransa, M\u0131s\u0131r, Katar ve Birle\u015fik Arap Emirlikleri (BAE) gibi b\u00f6lge d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve birbirine kom\u015fu olmayan \u00fclkelerden delegeleri de kapsayacak \u015fekilde geni\u015fletildi. Ayr\u0131ca, Arap Birli\u011fi; Avrupa Birli\u011fi ve Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler gibi b\u00f6lgesel ve uluslararas\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctlerin de delegeleri davet edildi. Ba\u011fdat Zirvesi\u2019nin \u00f6nemi, Irak\u2019\u0131n ilk kez b\u00f6lgesel gerilimleri azaltmak \u00fczere kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 y\u00fcksek \u00fcst d\u00fczey bir konferans kapsam\u0131nda diplomatik bir inisiyatif almas\u0131d\u0131r. Konferans\u0131n etkisini konu\u015fmak i\u00e7in hen\u00fcz \u00e7ok erken olsa da[i]<\/a> Irak b\u00f6lgesel bir diyalo\u011fa zemin haz\u0131rlayabilirse bu Irak\u2019\u0131n 2003 sonras\u0131 d\u00f6nemdeki en \u00f6nemli diplomatik ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 olacak ve b\u00f6lgesel bir akt\u00f6r olarak stat\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc normalle\u015ftirecek.<\/p>\n Kaz\u0131mi h\u00fck\u00fcmetine verilen yetkinin geni\u015fletilmi\u015f kapsam\u0131yla birlikte bu konferans, 2003\u2019te Birle\u015fik Devletler\u2019in (ABD) \u00fclkeyi i\u015fgali sonras\u0131 Irak diplomasisinin d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendiriliyor. Bu makale Irak h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin Ba\u011fdat \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi ve Ortakl\u0131k Konferans\u0131\u2019n\u0131 d\u00fczenleme amac\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klayacak. Bu noktada Irak\u2019a y\u00f6nelik ABD deste\u011finin ve Irak\u2019\u0131n korunup s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesine olan ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n gelece\u011fine ili\u015fkin belirsizli\u011fin Irakl\u0131 liderleri b\u00f6lgesel i\u015f birli\u011fi ve entegrasyon aray\u0131\u015f\u0131na zorlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia ediyorum. Ayr\u0131ca Ba\u011fdat, ABD\u2019nin Irak\u2019taki misyonunun de\u011fi\u015fmesinin ard\u0131ndan yap\u0131c\u0131 bir rol \u00fcstlenmek i\u00e7in Irak\u2019\u0131n kom\u015fular\u0131 aras\u0131nda b\u00f6lgesel bir uzla\u015f\u0131 kurmay\u0131 ama\u00e7l\u0131yor. Irak h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin bu giri\u015fiminin ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde iki ana \u015farta ba\u011fl\u0131 olacak: Birincisi, erken se\u00e7im sonras\u0131 kurulacak Irak h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin niteli\u011fi, ikincisi ise ABD-\u0130ran n\u00fckleer g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerinin sonucu.<\/p>\n Amerika\u2019n\u0131n 2011\u2019de Irak\u2019tan \u00e7ekilmesinden sonra \u00fclkenin b\u00f6lgesel ve uluslararas\u0131 arenadaki m\u00fcnasip rol\u00fcn\u00fc yeniden g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmeyi ama\u00e7layan bir\u00e7ok giri\u015fimde bulunuldu. En son yap\u0131lan giri\u015fim bu y\u0131l\u0131n Haziran ay\u0131n\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda Irak, M\u0131s\u0131r ve \u00dcrd\u00fcn aras\u0131nda \u00fcst diplomatik seviyede imzalanan bir anla\u015fmayd\u0131. Irak Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Kaz\u0131mi, bu anla\u015fmayla Arap devletlerinin Suriye, Filistin, Libya ve Yemen\u2019deki \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zmek amac\u0131yla \u201ci\u015f birli\u011fi ve koordinasyonla ortak bir vizyon\u201d geli\u015ftirmeyi ama\u00e7lad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015fti.[ii]<\/a> Kaz\u0131mi\u2019nin g\u00f6reve ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 May\u0131s 2020\u2019den bu yana ABD, Avrupa \u00fclkeleri ve daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seviyede Arap K\u00f6rfez \u00fclkelerinin Irak\u2019\u0131n kom\u015fu \u00fclkeler ve b\u00f6lgesel akt\u00f6rlerle olan ili\u015fkilerini dengeleyici bir tarzda \u00fclkesini y\u00f6netebilece\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde y\u00fcksek beklentileri vard\u0131. Kaz\u0131mi\u2019nin iktidara gelmesi uygun bir zamanda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00f6fkeli protestocular ve Irak\u2019\u0131n kilit uluslararas\u0131 destek\u00e7ileri g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc siyasi ve hukuki kurumlar kurup, silahl\u0131 milis gruplar\u0131 kontrol alt\u0131na alarak yolsuzlukla m\u00fccadele edebilece\u011fini umut ediyordu. Halk\u0131n Kaz\u0131mi h\u00fck\u00fcmetinden beklentileri y\u00fcksekti ve kabinesi ilk ba\u015flarda Irak\u2019\u0131n farkl\u0131 kesimlerinden de geni\u015f destek ald\u0131.[iii]<\/a><\/p>\n Kaz\u0131mi\u2019nin b\u00f6lgesel diplomasisi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nceki y\u00f6netimlerin sahip olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kendi lehine i\u015fleyen iki fakt\u00f6r vard\u0131. Birincisi ve en \u00f6nemlisi, Irak\u2019\u0131n \u015eii n\u00fcfusu aras\u0131nda \u0130ran\u2019a duyulan siyasi destek ve yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n azalmas\u0131yd\u0131. 2020 sonlar\u0131nda yap\u0131lan anketlere g\u00f6re \u201c\u0130ran politik \u0130slam modeli olarak \u015eii\u2019ler aras\u0131nda yumu\u015fak g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc kaybetti.\u201d \u00d6yle ki Irakl\u0131lar\u0131n y\u00fczde 85\u2019inden fazlas\u0131 ve \u015eiilerin y\u00fczde 82\u2019si \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n Irak\u2019ta olumsuz bir rol oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyordu.[iv]<\/a> \u0130kinci fakt\u00f6r ise ba\u015fta \u015eii n\u00fcfus olmak \u00fczere halk\u0131n 2003\u2019ten bu yana Irak\u2019taki siyasi s\u00fcrece h\u00fckmeden geleneksel siyasi elite duydu\u011fu g\u00fcvenin zay\u0131flam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131yd\u0131. Son y\u0131llarda \u015eii topluluklar Irakl\u0131 S\u00fcnni ve K\u00fcrtlere k\u0131yasla siyasi sistemlerinden daha y\u00fcksek oranda memnuniyetsizlik g\u00f6sterdi.[v]<\/a> Irak\u2019\u0131n siyaset sahnesindeki bu iki farkl\u0131 durum Irakl\u0131lar\u0131n, \u00f6zellikle de \u015eiilerin hem \u0130ran hem de mevcut siyasi elite kar\u015f\u0131 duydu\u011fu hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bir g\u00f6stergesiydi. Yukar\u0131da bahsedilen de\u011fi\u015fimler Kaz\u0131mi h\u00fck\u00fcmetine Irak diplomasisinin kapsam\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fletip Arap b\u00f6lgesi i\u00e7inde ili\u015fkilerini dengelemesi i\u00e7in alan ve daha da \u00f6nemlisi yetki tan\u0131d\u0131.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div> A\u011fustos 2021 ba\u015flar\u0131nda Mustafa Kaz\u0131mi h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, b\u00f6lgesel sorunlara ve bunlar\u0131n \u00fcstesinden gelmenin yollar\u0131na odaklanacak olan bir \u201cIrak\u2019a Kom\u015fu \u00dclkeler Konferans\u0131\u201d d\u00fczenlenece\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. 28 A\u011fustos 2021 tarihinde d\u00fczenlenen konferans \u00f6ncelikli hedefi Irak\u2019\u0131n kom\u015fular\u0131 olan \u0130ran, T\u00fcrkiye, Suudi Arabistan, Kuveyt ve \u00dcrd\u00fcn\u2019\u00fc (Suriye davetli de\u011fildi) bir araya getirmekti<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":220,"featured_media":28870,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mo_disable_npp":"","ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[361],"tags":[],"asf_pub_issue":[],"asf_pub_region":[10321,17588],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28959"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/220"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28959"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28959\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29099,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28959\/revisions\/29099"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/28870"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28959"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=28959"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=28959"},{"taxonomy":"asf_pub_issue","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/asf_pub_issue?post=28959"},{"taxonomy":"asf_pub_region","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/asf_pub_region?post=28959"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}