{"id":30777,"date":"2022-01-14T12:02:36","date_gmt":"2022-01-14T09:02:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/?p=30777"},"modified":"2022-11-28T15:08:57","modified_gmt":"2022-11-28T12:08:57","slug":"turkiyenin-katar-ve-kuveytteki-askeri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/2022\/01\/14\/turkiyenin-katar-ve-kuveytteki-askeri\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin Katar ve Kuveyt&#8217;teki Askeri Varl\u0131\u011f\u0131: K\u00f6rfez&#8217;in \u0130stikrar\u0131 \u0130\u00e7in Bir G\u00fcvenlik \u015eemsiyesi mi?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 whitecolor pub-meta-data hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling fusion-equal-height-columns\" style=\"--link_hover_color: #f5f5f5;--link_color: #ffffff;--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:2px;--awb-padding-right:6%;--awb-padding-bottom:2px;--awb-padding-left:6%;--awb-margin-top:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;--awb-background-color:#901235;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-one-third fusion-column-first\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;width:33.333333333333%;width:calc(33.333333333333% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.33333333333333 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-column-content-centered\"><div class=\"fusion-column-content\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-1 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-center fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-six text-upper\" style=\"--awb-text-color:#ffffff;--awb-margin-bottom:10px;--awb-font-size:16px;\"><h6 class=\"title-heading-center\" style=\"font-family:&quot;Open Sans Condensed&quot;;font-style:normal;font-weight:300;margin:0;font-size:1em;\"><a class=\"whitecolor\" href=\"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/author\/betul-dogan-akkas\/\"><img src=\"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/betul21-150x150.jpg\" class=\"postauthorimg\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"> Betul Dogan Akkas<\/a> <a class=\"whitecolor\" href=\"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/author\/hazal-muslu-el-berni\/\"><img src=\"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Hazal-Muslu-El-Berni-150x150.jpeg\" class=\"postauthorimg\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"> Hazal Muslu El-Berni<\/a>  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span ><i class=\"fa-calendar-alt far\" data-name=\"calendar-alt\"><\/i> 14 Ocak 2022<\/span><\/h6><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-one-third\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;width:33.333333333333%;width:calc(33.333333333333% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.33333333333333 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-column-content-centered\"><div class=\"fusion-column-content\"><div class=\"fusion-aligncenter\"><a class=\"fusion-button button-flat fusion-button-default-size button-custom fusion-button-default button-1 fusion-button-default-span fusion-button-default-type fusion-has-button-gradient\" style=\"--button_accent_color:#000000;--button_accent_hover_color:#8a1538;--button_border_hover_color:#ffffff;--button_gradient_top_color:#ffffff;--button_gradient_bottom_color:#ffffff;--button_gradient_top_color_hover:#ffffff;--button_gradient_bottom_color_hover:rgba(51,51,51,0.22);\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/download\/30781\/\"><span class=\"fusion-button-text\">PDF \u0130ndir<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-one-third fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;width:33.333333333333%;width:calc(33.333333333333% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.33333333333333 ) );\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-column-content-centered\"><div class=\"fusion-column-content\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-2 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-center fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-six text-upper\" style=\"--awb-text-color:#ffffff;--awb-margin-bottom:10px;--awb-font-size:16px;\"><h6 class=\"title-heading-center\" style=\"font-family:&quot;Open Sans Condensed&quot;;font-style:normal;font-weight:300;margin:0;font-size:1em;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/category\/yayinlar\/analiz\/\">Analiz<\/a> \/ <a href=\"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/region\/orta-dogu\/katar\/\">Katar<\/a> \/ <\/h6><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-3 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:20px;--awb-padding-right:20px;--awb-padding-bottom:20px;--awb-padding-left:20px;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:2px 2px 20px 2px #dddddd;;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><em>(Bu metin \u0130ngilizce orijinal versiyonundan terc\u00fcme edilmi\u015ftir.)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #901235;\">T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin Katar ve Kuveyt&#8217;teki Askeri Varl\u0131\u011f\u0131: K\u00f6rfez&#8217;in \u0130stikrar\u0131 \u0130\u00e7in Bir G\u00fcvenlik \u015eemsiyesi mi?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u00d6zet:<\/strong> 2008 y\u0131l\u0131nda Stratejik Ortakl\u0131k Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n imzalanmas\u0131yla <a href=\"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/2022\/08\/29\/turkiye-ekonomisi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-schema-attribute=\"mentions\">T\u00fcrkiye<\/a>, K\u00f6rfez \u0130\u015f birli\u011fi Konseyi (K\u0130K) ile stratejik diyalog mekanizmas\u0131 \u00fczerinden temas kuran K\u00f6rfez d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ilk \u00fclke oldu. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin b\u00f6lgeyle ba\u011flar\u0131 Irak sava\u015f\u0131, Arap ayaklanmalar\u0131, Suriye ve Libya i\u00e7 sava\u015flar\u0131 ve 2017 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki Katar-K\u00f6rfez devletleri aras\u0131nda ge\u00e7en krizden etkilenen daha geni\u015f \u00f6l\u00e7ekteki b\u00f6lgesel dinamiklerden etkilendi. T\u00fcm bu krizler aras\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin b\u00f6lgeye askeri eri\u015fimi artarken b\u00f6lgeye ili\u015fkin askeri ticaretini geli\u015ftirme y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki milli stratejisi ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 oldu. Bu analiz yaz\u0131s\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Katar\u2019daki askeri \u00fcss\u00fc ve Kuveyt\u2019le olan askeri i\u015f birli\u011fi \u00fczerinden K\u00f6rfez\u2019deki tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 askeri varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na odaklanacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #901235;\">Giri\u015f<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin K\u00f6rfez devletleriyle olan siyasi, askeri ve iktisadi ili\u015fkileri T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi bir stratejik diyalog mekanizmas\u0131 \u00fczerinden b\u00f6lge ile temas kuran ilk K\u00f6rfez d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00fclke olarak konumland\u0131ran 2008 Stratejik Ortakl\u0131k Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019yla Cidde\u2019de kurumsalla\u015ft\u0131. Bu anla\u015fma sadece T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin K\u00f6rfez devletleriyle daha fazla ekonomik ve siyasi i\u015f birli\u011fi geli\u015ftirme hedefi i\u00e7in de\u011fil ayn\u0131 zamanda K\u00f6rfez\u2019in \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n Irak i\u015fgali sonras\u0131 b\u00f6lgede artan n\u00fcfuzunu da hafifletmek amac\u0131yla ABD\u2019ye alternatif bir d\u0131\u015f g\u00fc\u00e7 ile b\u00f6lgesel i\u015f birli\u011fi kurarak kendi g\u00fc\u00e7lerini artt\u0131rma hedefleri i\u00e7in de bir d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131yd\u0131.<a href=\"#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[i]<\/a>&nbsp; Bu \u00f6zel stat\u00fc T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin nihayet askeri n\u00fcfuz alan\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fletmesi i\u00e7in K\u00f6rfez devletleriyle i\u015f birli\u011fi yapmas\u0131na zemin haz\u0131rlad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>K\u00f6rfez\u2019de ilk defa Katar\u2019\u0131n 2016\u2019da T\u00fcrk askeri \u00fcss\u00fcne ev sahipli\u011fi yapmas\u0131 K\u00f6rfez \u00fclkeleri aras\u0131ndaki b\u00f6lgesel g\u00fcvenlik ayr\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koydu. Katar\u2019daki \u00fcs, Suudi Arabistan, Birle\u015fik Arap Emirlikleri (<a href=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Birle%C5%9Fik_Arap_Emirlikleri\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-schema-attribute=\"mentions\">BAE<\/a>), Bahreyn ve M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu Arap D\u00f6rtl\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn 2017 Katar krizinde \u00f6ne s\u00fcrd\u00fckleri 13 talep listesine bu \u00fcss\u00fcn kapat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 da d\u00e2hil etmesinin de a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi gibi, K\u00f6rfez devletleri aras\u0131nda diplomatik ve siyasi gerilimlere neden oldu. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin askeri temaslar\u0131 2019\u2019da Ortak Savunma Plan\u0131 ile Kuveyt\u2019e de uzand\u0131. Katar ve Kuveyt ile olan bu iki askeri inisiyatifle birlikte T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin K\u00f6rfez\u2019le olan temaslar\u0131n\u0131n niteli\u011fi ikili d\u00fczeyde askeri, siyasi ve ekonomik ili\u015fkilerin bir birle\u015fimine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. D\u0131\u015f bir akt\u00f6rle ikili askeri i\u015f birli\u011finin kurulmas\u0131 K\u0130K birli\u011finin zay\u0131flamas\u0131 olarak alg\u0131lan\u0131p alt\u0131 \u00fcye aras\u0131ndaki g\u00fcvensizlik seviyesini y\u00fckseltirken T\u00fcrk d\u0131\u015f politika yap\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n da b\u00f6lgesel g\u00fcvenlik alg\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 K\u00f6rfez\u2019e kadar geni\u015fletmesine yol a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #901235;\">T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin K\u0130K\u2019teki Askeri Eri\u015fiminin Arkas\u0131ndaki Etmenler<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Bu analiz yaz\u0131s\u0131 Katar ile Kuveyt \u00f6rneklerini kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmak yerine T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin K\u00f6rfez devletleriyle stratejik ve ikili i\u015f birli\u011fini geni\u015fletmesinin mant\u0131\u011f\u0131na odaklan\u0131p T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin K\u00f6rfez\u2019deki askeri varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k ve \u015feffaf olmayan do\u011fas\u0131n\u0131n da \u00f6nemine vurgu yap\u0131yor. Bu iki \u00fclkenin se\u00e7ilme nedeni K\u0130K \u00e7er\u00e7evesi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye ile artan mevcut askeri ticaret ve siyasi i\u015f birli\u011fi durumudur. Bu noktada T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin K\u00f6rfez\u2019deki b\u00f6lgesel \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirirken \u00fc\u00e7 arg\u00fcman \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fcyoruz. Birincisi, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin K\u00f6rfez\u2019deki b\u00f6lgesel rol\u00fc sadece askeri kapasite veya ekonomik ve siyasi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 \u00fczerinden de\u011fil ayn\u0131 zamanda belirli K\u00f6rfez devletleriyle kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar ili\u015fkilerine dayanan ikili stratejik ili\u015fkileri \u00fczerinden de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekti\u011fidir. Ancak bu stratejik ili\u015fkiler olumlu sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furmu\u015f olsa da K\u0130K i\u00e7i gerilimleri daha da t\u0131rmand\u0131r\u0131p zaman i\u00e7inde di\u011fer K\u0130K akt\u00f6rlerinin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi b\u00f6lgesel bir tehdit olarak alg\u0131lamalar\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131. \u0130kincisi, T\u00fcrkiye askeri alanda b\u00f6lgede y\u00fckselen bir ihracat\u00e7\u0131. K\u00f6rfez ili\u015fkilerine d\u00e2hil olmas\u0131 T\u00fcrk karar al\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 K\u00f6rfez devletlerinin kalk\u0131nmas\u0131ndaki ekonomik ve askeri rollerini artt\u0131rmak kadar kurumsal krizlerine ve ikili sorunlar\u0131na da m\u00fcdahil olmaya te\u015fvik ediyor. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Katar ve Kuveyt\u2019teki askeri giri\u015fimleri K\u0130K \u00fcyeleri aras\u0131ndaki g\u00fcvensizlik seviyesini y\u00fckseltirken ba\u015fta Katar ile kurdu\u011fu yak\u0131n stratejik ili\u015fkiler olmak \u00fczere T\u00fcrk d\u0131\u015f politikas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik i\u00e7 ele\u015ftirileri de artt\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #901235;\"><b>T\u00fcrkiye H\u00e2len K\u00f6rfez\u2019de Bir Stratejik Ortak m\u0131?<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Katar ve Kuveyt\u2019teki askeri varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 resmederken geri kalan K\u00f6rfez Arap devletleriyle stratejik ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da derinlemesine incelemek gerekir. \u00d6ncelikle T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin h\u00e2l\u00e2 K\u00f6rfez\u2019in bir stratejik orta\u011f\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorusunu irdeliyoruz. B\u00f6lgesel g\u00fcvenlik dinamiklerindeki devasa kaymalar nedeniyle yumu\u015fak g\u00fc\u00e7 kavram\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin K\u00f6rfez\u2019le olan mevcut b\u00f6lgesel g\u00fcvenlik ili\u015fkilerini anlamada yetersiz, hatta alakas\u0131z g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Aksine, bu olguyu tamamen sert g\u00fc\u00e7 perspektifinden T\u00fcrk karar al\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n ekonomik h\u0131rslar\u0131n\u0131 da katarak tan\u0131mlamak daha makul g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Osmanl\u0131lar ile Arap a\u015firetleri aras\u0131ndaki tarihsel gerilimler ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Bat\u0131l\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lerden yana olan i\u00e7 siyaseti nedeniyle K\u00f6rfez devletleriyle T\u00fcrkiye aras\u0131ndaki diplomatik ili\u015fkiler y\u0131llarca olduk\u00e7a s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 ve m\u00fctevaz\u0131 olmu\u015ftu. 2003 Irak i\u015fgali K\u00f6rfez devletleri ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi sava\u015f sonras\u0131 Irak\u2019ta kar\u015f\u0131la\u015facaklar\u0131 ortak g\u00fcvenlik tehditleri ve \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n Irak\u2019\u0131n yeni siyasi yap\u0131s\u0131ndaki n\u00fcfuzunu azaltma konusunda uyaran bir d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131yd\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">G\u00fcvenlik anla\u015fmalar\u0131 ve mutabakatlar\u0131 kurmak asl\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin K\u00f6rfez\u2019de stratejik bir m\u00fcttefik olarak daha etkin bir rol almas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.3 Ekonomik i\u015f birli\u011fi ve teknik uzmanl\u0131k ve bilgi teatisini artt\u0131r\u0131p serbest ticaret b\u00f6lgeleri kurmak \u00fczere May\u0131s 2005\u2019te Manama\u2019da imzalanan Mutabakat Muht\u0131ras\u0131 ve 2008\u2019de Cidde\u2019de imzalanan Stratejik Ortakl\u0131k Anla\u015fmas\u0131 bu ortak g\u00fcvenlik alg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 resmeden iki \u00f6rnektir. Bunu 2008\u2019de Cidde; 2009\u2019da \u0130stanbul, 2010\u2019da Kuveyt \u015eehri, 2012\u2019de \u0130stanbul ve 2016\u2019da Riyad\u2019da yap\u0131lan bakanlar seviyesindeki toplant\u0131lar izledi. Bakanl\u0131k d\u00fczeyi stratejik diyalog toplant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra 2011\u2019de ticaret ve yat\u0131r\u0131m, tar\u0131m ve g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, ula\u015f\u0131m ve haberle\u015fme, enerji, elektrik, su, \u00e7evre, sa\u011fl\u0131k, k\u00fclt\u00fcr, e\u011fitim, ekonomi, mali ve parasal politika alanlar\u0131nda i\u015f birli\u011fini kapsayan bir Ortak Eylem Plan\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131.4 Bu d\u00f6nemde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin K\u00f6rfez devletleriyle olan savunma ili\u015fkileri askeri ticaret, askeri e\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011fretim programlar\u0131 ve hava sahas\u0131n\u0131 kullanma imtiyazlar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik m\u00fcnhas\u0131r anla\u015fmalar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde hayata ge\u00e7irildi.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #901235;\"><b>K\u0130K\u2019le Taktiksel Askeri \u0130ttifaklar&nbsp;<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">K\u00f6rfez devletleri tarihsel olarak, g\u00fcvenliklerini temin etmek amac\u0131yla siyasi ve askeri anlamda b\u00f6lgesel ve b\u00f6lge d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan devletlerle ikili ve uluslararas\u0131 anla\u015fmalar imzalayarak yak\u0131nla\u015fma e\u011filiminde olmu\u015ftur. K\u00f6rfez devletleri \u00f6zellikle Fransa, Almanya, \u0130ngiltere ve ABD ile i\u015f birli\u011fi yapma isteklerine ilaveten Kuzey Atlantik Anla\u015fmas\u0131 \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019ne (NATO) \u00fcye bir devlet olan T\u00fcrkiye ile bir stratejik diyalog d\u00f6nemine girerek dolayl\u0131 olarak (mesela \u0130stanbul \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi \u0130nisiyatifi gibi) NATO ile de ortakl\u0131k kurmu\u015f oldular.5 T\u00fcrkiye ile askeri ili\u015fkiler kurmaya y\u00f6nelik ilk giri\u015fimler 1996\u2019da Suudi Arabistan ve BAE taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131l\u0131rken bunlar\u0131 2000\u2019de Kuveyt, 2004\u2019te Bahreyn ve daha sonra 2006\u2019da Katar ile Umman izledi. Her ne kadar Katar-T\u00fcrkiye aras\u0131ndaki askeri i\u015f birli\u011fi T\u00fcrk askeri \u00fcss\u00fcn\u00fcn kurulmas\u0131yla yak\u0131n zamanda dikkatleri \u00e7ekmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015fsa da asl\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye ile yo\u011fun askeri ili\u015fkiler y\u00fcr\u00fcten ilk K\u0130K \u00fcyeleri Suudi Arabistan ve BAE olmu\u015ftu (bkz. \u015eekil 1).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u00fcrkiye son 20 y\u0131lda askeri ekipman ihracat\u0131nda y\u00fckselen bir akt\u00f6r haline geldi ve Stockholm International Peace Research Institute taraf\u0131ndan 2011 ila 2018 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda en b\u00fcy\u00fck 15. silah ihracat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 olarak g\u00f6sterildi.6 Ayr\u0131ca K\u00f6rfez devletleri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck n\u00fcfuslar\u0131na ra\u011fmen devasa askeri harcamalara sahip. Mesela en b\u00fcy\u00fck ithalat\u00e7\u0131lar aras\u0131nda Suudi Arabistan 3. s\u0131rada yer al\u0131rken BAE 15. s\u0131radayd\u0131 ama di\u011fer petrol monar\u015fileri aras\u0131nda en y\u00fcksek askeri harcama pay\u0131na sahipti. \u015eekil 1\u2019de g\u00f6sterildi\u011fi gibi son on y\u0131lda K\u00f6rfez devletlerine T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den yap\u0131lan askeri ihracat\u0131n \u00f6tesinde BAE\u2019nin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 toplam askeri ithalat hacmi neredeyse 80 milyon ABD dolar\u0131na ula\u015f\u0131p onu Suudi Arabistan Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 40 milyon dolarla izlerken di\u011fer hi\u00e7bir K\u00f6rfez \u00fclkesi 10 milyon dolar\u0131 ge\u00e7miyor. Fakat bu verileri de\u011ferlendirmeden \u00f6nce birka\u00e7 hususu kaydetmek gerekir. \u00d6ncelikle Observatory of Economic Complexity taraf\u0131ndan 2019\u2019da yay\u0131mlanan kapsaml\u0131 verilere g\u00f6re Kuveyt\u2019e yap\u0131lan ihracat miktar\u0131 daha az olsa da 2000\u2019den itibaren olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemli bir seviyede olmu\u015ftur. \u0130kincisi, siyasi gerilimler T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin BAE\u2019ye yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 askeri ihracat\u0131 etkiledi ama son y\u0131llar\u0131n verileri ili\u015fkilerdeki s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lardan \u00f6nceki y\u0131llarda imzalanm\u0131\u015f anla\u015fmalar\u0131 yans\u0131t\u0131yor. Bu y\u00fczden Katar ile T\u00fcrkiye son y\u0131llarda devasa \u00f6l\u00e7eklerde askeri ticaret anla\u015fmalar\u0131 imzalam\u0131\u015f olsa da bunlar hen\u00fcz ihracat verilerine yans\u0131m\u0131\u015f de\u011fil. \u00d6rne\u011fin 2018\u2019de Uluslararas\u0131 Denizcilik Savunma Fuar\u0131 ve Konferans\u0131 (DIMDEX) s\u0131ras\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin savunma firmalar\u0131n\u0131n Katar ile imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 imalat anla\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n de\u011feri yakla\u015f\u0131k 800 milyon dolar\u0131 buluyor.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Screenshot-2022-11-28-at-14.55.55.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-fusion-600 wp-image-35538 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Screenshot-2022-11-28-at-14.55.55-600x341.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"341\" srcset=\"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Screenshot-2022-11-28-at-14.55.55-200x114.png 200w, https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Screenshot-2022-11-28-at-14.55.55-300x170.png 300w, https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Screenshot-2022-11-28-at-14.55.55-400x227.png 400w, https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Screenshot-2022-11-28-at-14.55.55-600x341.png 600w, https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Screenshot-2022-11-28-at-14.55.55-768x436.png 768w, https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Screenshot-2022-11-28-at-14.55.55-800x455.png 800w, https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Screenshot-2022-11-28-at-14.55.55-1024x582.png 1024w, https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Screenshot-2022-11-28-at-14.55.55-1200x682.png 1200w, https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Screenshot-2022-11-28-at-14.55.55.png 1320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" title=\"\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc, T\u00fcrkiye ile Suudi Arabistan aras\u0131ndaki askeri ittifak\u0131n benzersiz bir \u00f6zelli\u011fi var \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc savunma alan\u0131ndaki i\u015f birli\u011finin alt\u0131nda siyasi gerilimlere ra\u011fmen kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 pragmatizm yat\u0131yor. \u015eekil 1\u2019e g\u00f6re askeri ticaret 2017\u2019ye gelindi\u011finde azald\u0131 ama ortak e\u011fitim ve askeri koordinasyon a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan askeri ittifaklar geli\u015fmeye devam etti. Krall\u0131k ile T\u00fcrkiye aras\u0131ndaki siyasi ba\u011flara bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, T\u00fcrkiye Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan\u2019\u0131n 2015\u2019te Kral Abdullah\u2019\u0131n vefat\u0131ndan hemen sonra Suudi Arabistan\u2019a yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ziyaret Kral Selman ile ikili askeri ve ekonomik i\u015f birli\u011fini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmeyi ama\u00e7l\u0131yordu. Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Erdo\u011fan, muhtemelen Selman\u2019\u0131n geleneksel \u0130slamc\u0131 duru\u015funun b\u00f6lgesel ittifaklar\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin askeri ve ekonomik \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131n lehine yeniden kurmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir umutla Kral Selman\u2019\u0131 tebrik eden ilk devlet ba\u015fkanlar\u0131ndan biri oldu. Bunu T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Suudi Arabistan liderli\u011finde Irak ve \u015eam \u0130slam Devleti (I\u015e\u0130D) ve \u0130ran\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 askeri bir blok kurmay\u0131 ama\u00e7layan 34 \u00fclkelik ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadele koalisyonuna kat\u0131lmas\u0131 izledi. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Suudi Silahl\u0131 Kuvvetler Fuar\u0131\u2019na onur konu\u011fu olarak davet edilmesi de askeri sekt\u00f6rde Suudi Arabistan\u2019la yak\u0131ndan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak istedi\u011finin bir g\u00f6stergesiydi.7 Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla T\u00fcrkiye ile Suudi Arabistan Suriye\u2019de, \u0130ran ve I\u015e\u0130D ikiz tehditlerine kar\u015f\u0131 b\u00f6lgesel birlik konusunda i\u015f birli\u011fi ve koordinasyon seviyelerini y\u00fckseltti.8 Benzer \u015fekilde Suudi birliklerinin Nisan 2018\u2019de lojistik ve komuta kontrol dahil ortak operasyonlarda e\u011fitim ve teknik tecr\u00fcbe teatisi i\u00e7in T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye gelmesi de Krall\u0131k ile T\u00fcrkiye aras\u0131ndaki ikili ili\u015fkilere 2017 Katar krizinden sonra bile kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 pragmatizmin hakim oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #901235;\"><b>Ayr\u0131\u015fan B\u00f6lgesel G\u00fcvenlik ve D\u0131\u015f Politika<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin b\u00f6lgesel g\u00fcvenlik ve d\u0131\u015f politika tercihlerinin Suudi Arabistan ve BAE\u2019den ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 2016 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ortalar\u0131nda netle\u015fmi\u015fti. Bu d\u00f6nem, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Karde\u015fler ve Hamas\u2019\u0131n zay\u0131flamas\u0131, \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n b\u00f6lgesel n\u00fcfuzunu peki\u015ftirmesi ve hatta kom\u015fu devletlerdeki yerel akt\u00f6rlerle diyalog geli\u015ftirmesi ve son olarak I\u015e\u0130D\u2019in T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi hedef almas\u0131 gibi T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Ortado\u011fu\u2019daki d\u0131\u015f politika tercihlerinin aleyhine geli\u015fiyor gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnen b\u00f6lgesel dinamikler nedeniyle T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Suudi Arabistan ve BAE\u2019ye g\u00fcvensizli\u011fini artt\u0131rd\u0131. Suudi Arabistan\u2019\u0131n \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n b\u00f6lgesel n\u00fcfuzundan kaynaklanan endi\u015fe ve g\u00fcvensizli\u011finin yan\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Suudi Arabistan ve BAE\u2019den ayr\u0131\u015fan \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 bu iki K\u00f6rfez devleti ve M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019la olan askeri ve ticari ili\u015fkilerini tehdit etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131 ama K\u00f6rfez devletleriyle T\u00fcrkiye aras\u0131ndaki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 pragmatizm son bulmad\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00dclke i\u00e7inde ise \u00f6nceden T\u00fcrk d\u0131\u015f politika stratejisini \u015fekillendiren D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 olan Ahmet Davuto\u011flu\u2019nun T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin sorunlu d\u0131\u015f politika kararlar\u0131ndan sorumlu tutulup istifaya zorlanmas\u0131 i\u00e7 s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 ve T\u00fcrk d\u0131\u015f politika akt\u00f6rleri aras\u0131ndaki krizi g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne serdi. \u00d6te yandan T\u00fcrk ekonomisinin 2018 ba\u015f\u0131ndan itibaren zorlu bir kur krizi d\u00f6nemine girmesi T\u00fcrk karar al\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f politika kararlar\u0131n\u0131 yeniden hesaplamaya zorlad\u0131. BAE 2017\u2019de T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin en b\u00fcy\u00fck ticari ortaklar\u0131ndan biriyken Katar krizinden sonra T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u00f6zellikle BAE\u2019ye olan ihracat\u0131 %66 oran\u0131nda, BAE\u2019den ithalat\u0131 ise %32 oran\u0131nda azald\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Katar\u2019\u0131n 2014\u2019te bir T\u00fcrk \u00fcss\u00fcne ev sahipli\u011fi yapma karar\u0131 K\u00f6rfez devletleri aras\u0131nda kurumsal hesaplar yerine kendi g\u00fcvenlik hesaplamalar\u0131na dayal\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z politikalar\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirme y\u00f6n\u00fcnde kal\u0131c\u0131 bir de\u011fi\u015fim ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki 2016 askeri darbe giri\u015fimi ile 2017 [K\u00f6rfez] krizi T\u00fcrkiye ile Katar\u2019\u0131 Suudi Arabistan ile BAE\u2019ninkilere z\u0131t olan b\u00f6lgesel \u00f6ncelik ve g\u00fcvenlik anlay\u0131\u015flar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan birbirine yakla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131. Bu d\u00f6nem T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin t\u00fcm K\u00f6rfez\u2019in stratejik orta\u011f\u0131 olma konumunun tekil K\u00f6rfez devletleriyle kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 tehdit alg\u0131lar\u0131 ve ortak b\u00f6lgesel g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6nceliklerine dayal\u0131 bir stratejik m\u00fcttefike d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00fcn y\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kuveyt ile Katar\u2019\u0131n s\u0131ras\u0131yla \u0130ran ve Suudi Arabistan\u2019dan alg\u0131lad\u0131klar\u0131 artan tehdit hissi ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin b\u00f6lgede yaln\u0131zla\u015fmas\u0131 T\u00fcrk askerinin Katar\u2019da konu\u015flanmas\u0131 ve Kuveyt\u2019le bir askeri anla\u015fma giri\u015fiminin arkas\u0131nda yatan iki sebep olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. T\u00fcrkiye ile yapt\u0131klar\u0131 bu askeri koordinasyon Katarl\u0131 ve Kuveytli yetkililere de kendi kaderlerinin Suudilerin b\u00f6lgesel \u00f6nceliklerinden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z oldu\u011funa dair yeni bir b\u00f6lgesel perspektif vererek devletlerinin biricikli\u011fi konusundaki fark\u0131ndal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131rd\u0131.10 Ayr\u0131ca Kuveyt ile Katar\u2019\u0131 Arap ayaklanmalar\u0131ndan \u00f6nce bile ula\u015fmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 Suudi Arabistan\u2019dan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 daha da peki\u015ftirmeye te\u015fvik etti.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bu noktada s\u00f6z konusu anla\u015fmalar sadece T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin savunma sanayii ve ekonomisine hizmet ediyormu\u015f gibi yorumlanamaz. Aksine bunlar Katar ile Kuveyt\u2019in Suudi Arabistan ve BAE\u2019den farkl\u0131 derecelerde farkl\u0131la\u015fan ayr\u0131 tehdit de\u011ferlendirmelerini de rahatlat\u0131yor. Kral Selman\u2019\u0131n tahta \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131ndan ve Veliaht Prens Muhammed bin Selman\u2019\u0131n mu\u011flak ekonomik projelerinden \u00f6nce bile Katar, krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n arka bah\u00e7esinde otonomi iddias\u0131nda bulunan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir \u00fclke olarak alg\u0131lan\u0131yordu. Ayr\u0131ca, Katar-T\u00fcrkiye ve Kuveyt-T\u00fcrkiye askeri ve stratejik ili\u015fkileri K\u00f6rfez devletlerinin istikrars\u0131z b\u00f6lgesel g\u00fcvenlik anlay\u0131\u015flar\u0131 ve birbirleri ve ABD ile olan ak\u0131\u015fkan ikili ili\u015fkilerinin dinamiklerinden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z g\u00f6r\u00fclemez. Yine de T\u00fcrkiye ile ili\u015fkilerini kusursuz bir \u00e7izgide ilerliyor gibi g\u00f6rmek hatal\u0131 olur. Aksine T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Katar ve Kuveyt ile askeri ili\u015fkileri ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan b\u00f6lgesel g\u00fcvenlik krizi ve bu K\u00f6rfez devletlerinin bu krizlere yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131yla tersine d\u00f6nebilir.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #901235;\"><b>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Katar\u2019daki Askeri \u00dcss\u00fcn\u00fc Anlamak<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Katar\u2019\u0131n T\u00fcrk askeri \u00fcss\u00fcne ev sahipli\u011fi yapmas\u0131na dair bir\u00e7ok neden \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Baz\u0131lar\u0131 bunu T\u00fcrk birliklerini Osmanl\u0131lar\u0131n Katar ve Arap Yar\u0131madas\u0131\u2019na bir as\u0131r sonra d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc olarak resmedip sembolik bir mesaj olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fc.11 Di\u011ferleri T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin K\u00f6rfez\u2019deki g\u00fc\u00e7 projeksiyonu a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan stratejik olarak anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini savundu.12 \u00d6te yandan, \u0130ran tarihsel olarak T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin b\u00f6lgesel h\u0131rslar\u0131na stratejik bir tehdit olarak alg\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan T\u00fcrk \u00fcss\u00fc T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u0130ran\u2019a K\u00f6rfez m\u00fcttefikleriyle yeni bir n\u00fcfuz alan\u0131 kurdu\u011fu sinyalini veren bir mesaj\u0131 olarak da anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131.13 Dahas\u0131, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bir neden T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin K\u00f6rfez devletlerinin savunma sanayiine duydu\u011fu y\u00fcksek ilgi olabilir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc K\u00f6rfez devletleriyle askeri anla\u015fmalar yapmak T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in K\u00f6rfez devletlerine son mali sorunlar\u0131na ra\u011fmen askeri ekipman satma yolunda \u00f6nemli bir ad\u0131md\u0131r.14 Askeri i\u015f birli\u011finin i\u00e7erik ve kapsam\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan Katar\u2019daki askeri \u00fcss\u00fcn ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 olduk\u00e7a gizli tutuluyor ve bu da K\u00f6rfez i\u00e7in gelecekte do\u011furaca\u011f\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n h\u00e2l\u00e2 belirsiz oldu\u011fu anlam\u0131na geliyor.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta Katar\u2019a y\u00f6nelik T\u00fcrk d\u0131\u015f politikas\u0131, T\u00fcrk karar al\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n \u00f6zellikle M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Muhammed Mursi\u2019nin devrilmesinden sonra hissettikleri b\u00f6lgesel tecrit ve \u201cde\u011ferli yaln\u0131zl\u0131ktan\u201d kaynaklan\u0131yordu. Her bir taraf\u0131n Suriye sava\u015f\u0131nda tecr\u00fcbe etti\u011fi belirsiz kay\u0131p ve kazan\u00e7lar ile T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki Temmuz 2016 askeri darbe giri\u015fimi bu \u00fclkeleri ortak b\u00f6lgesel g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6ncelik ve menfaatleri etraf\u0131nda birbirine yakla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131. T\u00fcrk karar mercileri T\u00fcrkiye ile askeri ili\u015fkileri bulunan K\u00f6rfez devletleri aras\u0131nda Katar\u2019\u0131 b\u00f6lgesel geli\u015fme, kriz ve sava\u015flar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funda benzer kayg\u0131lar\u0131 payla\u015fan daha g\u00fcvenilir bir ortak olarak alg\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u00fcrk karar al\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n b\u00f6lgesel g\u00fc\u00e7 da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131ndaki de\u011fi\u015fim alg\u0131lar\u0131na ek olarak, T\u00fcrk ulusal g\u00fcc\u00fcne ve askeri g\u00fc\u00e7lerini bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l yollarla K\u00f6rfez\u2019e geni\u015fletme f\u0131rsat\u0131na y\u00f6nelik alg\u0131lar\u0131nda bir ba\u015fka ani de\u011fi\u015fim meydana geldi. Katar i\u00e7in bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 Suudi Arabistan, BAE, Bahreyn ve M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131n kendileriyle ba\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 kopar\u0131p \u00fclkeye hava, kara ve deniz ambargosu uygulad\u0131klar\u0131 Haziran 2017 kriziyle ivme kazand\u0131. Fakat bunlar radikalizmi ve \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n faaliyetlerini destekleme ve K\u0130K\u2019in birlik \u00e7er\u00e7evesinin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda hareket etme gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli su\u00e7lamalarla Katar\u2019la olan ili\u015fkilerini kestikten sonra T\u00fcrkiye Katar\u2019a a\u00e7\u0131k deste\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131 ve askeri \u00fcsteki asker say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 250\u2019ye kadar y\u00fckseltti.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Katar\u2019daki askeri \u00fcss\u00fcn\u00fcn kurulmas\u0131 \u00fclke i\u00e7i s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar, b\u00f6lgesel kriz ve iki taraftaki karar al\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n kom\u015fular\u0131na y\u00f6nelik alg\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fim aras\u0131ndaki bir etkile\u015fiminin sonucuydu. \u0130ktidar\u0131 babas\u0131 \u015eeyh Hamad bin Halife es-Sani\u2019den (1995-2013) devralan \u015eeyh Temim bin Hamad es-Sani (2013-) liderli\u011finde Katar h\u0131rsl\u0131 bir d\u0131\u015f politika benimsedi. Katar\u2019\u0131n d\u0131\u015f politikas\u0131nda arabulucu rol\u00fcnden iddial\u0131 bir akt\u00f6re d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesi b\u00f6lgesel kom\u015fular\u0131n\u0131n, \u00f6zellikle de Suudi Arabistan ve BAE\u2019nin, Katar\u2019\u0131n Suudi ve Emirlik \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnen d\u0131\u015f politika kararlar\u0131ndan giderek daha \u00e7ok \u015f\u00fcphe duymas\u0131na neden oldu. Katar\u2019a y\u00f6nelik g\u00fcvensizlik Katar\u2019\u0131n M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Karde\u015fleri desteklemesi, \u00fcyelerini kendi topraklar\u0131nda a\u011f\u0131rlamas\u0131 ve ba\u015fta M\u0131s\u0131r, Irak ve Suriye\u2019de olmak \u00fczere b\u00f6lgesel krizlerin evrimine dair ayr\u0131k b\u00f6lgesel alg\u0131lar\u0131ndan sonra daha da g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr hale geldi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00d6te yandan T\u00fcrkiye ile Katar, Yemen\u2019in yeniden in\u015fas\u0131 ve Libyal\u0131 Halife Hafter grubu gibi milislerin silahs\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik uluslararas\u0131 \u00e7abalar do\u011frultusunda Libya\u2019daki uzla\u015fma s\u00fcrecini destekleme gibi bir\u00e7ok b\u00f6lgesel \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma konusunda i\u015f birli\u011fi yapmak i\u00e7in anla\u015ft\u0131.17 Daha da \u00f6nemlisi T\u00fcrkiye ile Katar, Suriyeli muhalif gruplar\u0131n Esad h\u00fck\u00fcmetine kar\u015f\u0131 silahland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da se\u00e7ilen Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Muhammed Mursi\u2019nin desteklenmesi konusunda mali ve askeri i\u015f birli\u011fi yapt\u0131. Bu esnada Suudi Arabistan ve BAE\u2019nin ise Sisi\u2019nin M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019daki darbesini ve Halife Hafter\u2019in Libya\u2019y\u0131 y\u00f6netme m\u00fccadelesini desteklemesi Katar\u2019\u0131n Suudi Arabistan, BAE ve Bahreyn ile ili\u015fkilerini daha da gerdi.18 T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7eride artan \u201cotoriteryenlik\u201d iddialar\u0131 nedeniyle neredeyse d\u0131\u015flanan bir devlet olurken Katar da b\u00f6lgede radikalizmi destekledi\u011fi iddialar\u0131yla uygulanan boykot nedeniyle kom\u015fular\u0131ndan koptu.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #901235;\"><b>Anla\u015fman\u0131n Mu\u011flak Niteli\u011fi<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u00fcrkiye ile Katar aras\u0131nda 2014\u2019te imzalan\u0131p Haziran 2015\u2019te TBMM\u2019den ge\u00e7en askeri \u00fcs anla\u015fmas\u0131 b\u00f6lge \u00fclkeleri i\u00e7in \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 oldu. 2014\u2019teki askeri anla\u015fmadan \u00f6nce T\u00fcrkiye ile Katar, 2007\u2019de bir savunma sanayii i\u015f birli\u011fi anla\u015fmas\u0131, 2012\u2019de ise bir askeri e\u011fitim anla\u015fmas\u0131 imzalam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.19 2014 anla\u015fmas\u0131na g\u00f6re T\u00fcrk \u00fcss\u00fc deniz, kara, hava ve \u00f6zel kuvvetleri ve \u201cAltay\u201d tanklar\u0131, kunda\u011f\u0131 motorlu \u201cF\u0131rt\u0131na\u201d ob\u00fcsleri ve di\u011fer silahlarla e\u011fitimi kaps\u0131yor.20 Anla\u015fmada ayr\u0131ca taraflardan birine sald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda di\u011fer \u00fclkenin yard\u0131ma gelece\u011fini belirten bir ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 ko\u015ful maddesi (casus foederis) de yer al\u0131yor. 2017 K\u0130K krizi patlak verdi\u011finde Erdo\u011fan: \u201cBuradaki varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n tek sebebi dostluk, bar\u0131\u015f ve g\u00fcvendir\u2026 Zor zamanlarda karde\u015flerimiz ve dostlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n yan\u0131nda olmak ecdad\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n bize b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 en b\u00fcy\u00fck miraslardan biridir. Dahas\u0131 tarih boyunca maliyeti ne olursa olsun bu deste\u011fi vermekten imtina etmedik.\u201d21 diyerek T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin b\u00f6lgesel bar\u0131\u015fa ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak Katar\u2019a askeri deste\u011fini tekrarlad\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u00fcrkiye ile Katar aras\u0131nda 28 Nisan 2016\u2019da imzalanan resmi ad\u0131yla \u201cT\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti H\u00fck\u00fcmeti ile Katar Devleti H\u00fck\u00fcmeti Aras\u0131nda Katar Topraklar\u0131nda T\u00fcrk Kuvvetlerinin Konu\u015fland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na \u0130li\u015fkin Uygulama Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u201d bir as\u0131rdan fazla bir s\u00fcre sonra ilk kez K\u00f6rfez\u2019de T\u00fcrk askeri varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kurmu\u015f oldu. Katar\u2019da bir T\u00fcrk donanma \u00fcss\u00fcn\u00fcn kurulmas\u0131na dair anla\u015fmadan sonra T\u00fcrk \u015firketi Aselsan ile Katarl\u0131 Barzan Holding, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Katar\u2019a askeri ihracat\u0131n\u0131n artt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na zemin haz\u0131rlayacak olan BARQ adl\u0131 bir ortakl\u0131k projesi ba\u015flatt\u0131.22 Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla anla\u015fma T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ani bir kriz durumunda Katar i\u00e7in bir g\u00fcvenlik sigortas\u0131 olarak hareket edebilece\u011finin sinyalini veriyordu.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #901235;\"><b>K\u00f6rfez\u2019in \u0130stikrar\u0131 \u0130\u00e7in Bir G\u00fcvenlik \u015eemsiyesi mi?<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u00fcrkiye askeri \u00fcss\u00fcn\u00fc K\u00f6rfez istikrar\u0131 i\u00e7in bir g\u00fcvenlik \u015femsiyesi olarak resmedip Katar i\u00e7in di\u011fer K\u00f6rfez devletlerine kar\u015f\u0131 bir askeri varl\u0131k olarak sunmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131nd\u0131. KatarT\u00fcrk Birle\u015fik M\u00fc\u015fterek Kuvvet Komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (KTBMKK) ba\u015f\u0131nda bulunan Albay Osman \u0130lercil, T\u00fcrk askerinin Katar devleti taraf\u0131ndan iki \u00fclkenin birbirlerinin tecr\u00fcbelerinden yararlanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak askeri tatbikatlarda etkin olarak yer almalar\u0131 i\u00e7in davet edildi\u011fini vurgulad\u0131.23 T\u00fcrk askeri \u00fcss\u00fcn\u00fcn kurulmas\u0131ndan sonra iki \u00fclke, Y\u00fcksek Stratejik Komite\u2019yi kurup her seviyede stratejik ortak olduklar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Katar ile T\u00fcrkiye ayr\u0131ca Mart 2021\u2019de T\u00fcrk ve Katarl\u0131 askeri \u00f6\u011frencilere kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fim programlar\u0131 sunan bir Askeri Sa\u011fl\u0131k E\u011fitim ve \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi Protokol\u00fc imzalad\u0131.24 D\u00f6nemin T\u00fcrk Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Binali Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m\u2019\u0131n Katar\u2019daki T\u00fcrk \u00fcss\u00fcn\u00fcn kimseye kar\u015f\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm K\u00f6rfez b\u00f6lgesinin g\u00fcvenlik ve istikrar\u0131na katk\u0131 sunmay\u0131 ama\u00e7lad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtse de Suudi Arabistan ve BAE, T\u00fcrk \u00fcss\u00fcn\u00fc ABD, \u0130ngiliz ve Frans\u0131z askeri \u00fcslerinin T\u00fcrklerinkinden \u00e7ok \u00f6nce faaliyet g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi Katar i\u00e7in bir askeri garant\u00f6r olarak g\u00f6rme e\u011filimindeydi.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>2008 y\u0131l\u0131nda Stratejik Ortakl\u0131k Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n imzalanmas\u0131yla T\u00fcrkiye, K\u00f6rfez \u0130\u015f birli\u011fi Konseyi (K\u0130K) ile stratejik diyalog mekanizmas\u0131 \u00fczerinden temas kuran K\u00f6rfez d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ilk \u00fclke oldu. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin b\u00f6lgeyle ba\u011flar\u0131 Irak sava\u015f\u0131, Arap ayaklanmalar\u0131, Suriye ve Libya i\u00e7 sava\u015flar\u0131 ve 2017<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":185,"featured_media":29760,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mo_disable_npp":"","ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[362],"tags":[],"asf_pub_issue":[],"asf_pub_region":[10321,17586,17601],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30777"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/185"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30777"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30777\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":35541,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30777\/revisions\/35541"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/29760"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30777"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30777"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30777"},{"taxonomy":"asf_pub_issue","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/asf_pub_issue?post=30777"},{"taxonomy":"asf_pub_region","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/asf_pub_region?post=30777"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}