{"id":32536,"date":"2022-05-25T11:28:11","date_gmt":"2022-05-25T08:28:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/?p=32536"},"modified":"2022-06-15T12:32:05","modified_gmt":"2022-06-15T09:32:05","slug":"turkiyede-goc-meselesinde-rasyonel-siyasi-akil-ihtiyaci","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/2022\/05\/25\/turkiyede-goc-meselesinde-rasyonel-siyasi-akil-ihtiyaci\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de G\u00f6\u00e7 Meselesinde Rasyonel Siyasi Ak\u0131l \u0130htiyac\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:20px;--awb-padding-right:20px;--awb-padding-bottom:20px;--awb-padding-left:20px;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:2px 2px 20px 2px #dddddd;;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><p>G\u00fcndelik siyasetin ifrat ve tefrit sarkac\u0131nda salland\u0131\u011f\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar ve g\u00f6\u00e7 meselesi de di\u011fer pek \u00e7ok mevzu gibi sa\u011fl\u0131ks\u0131z bir \u015fekilde ele al\u0131nmaya devam ediyor. Afganistan\u2019dan L\u00fcbnan\u2019a, Ukrayna\u2019dan Afrika \u00fclkelerine kadar pek \u00e7ok \u00fclkeden insan\u0131n farkl\u0131 sebeplerle \u00fclkelerinden ayr\u0131l\u0131p \u201cg\u00f6\u00e7men\/m\u00fclteci\u201d olmak zorunda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nem ya\u015fan\u0131yor d\u00fcnyada. B\u00f6ylesi bir d\u00f6nemde de T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Asya ile Avrupa\u2019y\u0131 ba\u011flayan co\u011frafi konumunun yan\u0131nda, sava\u015f b\u00f6lgelerine yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sebebiyle T\u00fcrkiye, d\u00fcnyada farkl\u0131 \u00fclkeler gibi g\u00f6\u00e7 kaynakl\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitli sorunlarla y\u00fczle\u015fiyor. \u00dclkede ekonominin giderek k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015fen durumu, Afganistan\u2019da Taliban\u2019\u0131n iktidara gelmesi sonras\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye giren Afganlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131, Pakistanl\u0131 pek \u00e7ok ka\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n \u0130ran \u00fczerinden T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye girip gitgide g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck kazanmas\u0131, bu ki\u015filerin kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 kimi <a href=\"https:\/\/www.haberturk.com\/son-dakika-satirli-fidyeciler-3420232\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">kriminal<\/a> olaylar, baz\u0131 muhalif siyaset\u00e7ilerin iktidar\u0131n zay\u0131f karn\u0131 olan s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar meselesini y\u00fcksek perdeden \u00fclke g\u00fcndemine ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131 ve bunu bir nevi \u201cbeka\u201d siyasetine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmesi, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de daha \u00f6nce zaten var olan Suriyeli s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lara y\u00f6nelik tepkiyle birle\u015fince \u00fclkede yabanc\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131 s\u00f6ylemlerin tavan yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nem ya\u015fan\u0131yor. B\u00f6ylesi zorlu bir d\u00f6nemde ve \u00fclkenin \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki on y\u0131llar\u0131nda \u00e7ok m\u00fchim bir politika ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131 a\u015fik\u00e2r olan bir mevzuda normal \u015fartlarda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki siyasi taraflar\u0131n konuyu realist ve somut bir \u015fekilde ele almas\u0131 beklenirdi. Ne var ki \u015fu ana kadar ne iktidar kanad\u0131ndan ne de muhalefet kanad\u0131ndan halka g\u00f6\u00e7 ve s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar meselesi konusunda uygulanabilir, b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fckl\u00fc ve ayaklar\u0131 yeren basan bir politika sunuldu. Bu yaz\u0131 gerek iktidar gerekse de muhalefetin Suriyeli m\u00fcltecileri geri g\u00f6nderme planlar\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ek\u00e7ili\u011fini ve uygulanabilirli\u011fini de\u011ferlendirip, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin g\u00f6\u00e7 meselesi hususunda rasyonel bir akla ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011funu vurguluyor.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Muhalefetin S\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131 S\u00f6ylemi<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye siyasetinde varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131k \u00fczerine bina eden ve b\u00f6ylece T\u00fcrk siyasi hayat\u0131nda yeni bir fenomen olan Zafer Partisi\u2019nin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan bir \u201csessiz istila\u201d alt\u0131nda oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylemi, ayn\u0131 isimle Zafer Partisi destekli ve yine s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar\u0131 hedef alan distopik addedilebilecek k\u0131sa bir <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cumhuriyet.com.tr\/turkiye\/sessiz-istila-kisa-filminin-yapimcisi-gozaltina-alindi-1932368\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">filmin<\/a> servis edilmesinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra parti ba\u015fkan\u0131 \u00dcmit \u00d6zda\u011f\u2019\u0131n medyada s\u0131kl\u0131kla boy g\u00f6stermesi \u00fczerinden s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lara d\u00f6n\u00fck olumsuz alg\u0131 \u00fclkede ana ak\u0131m bir hal almaya ba\u015flay\u0131p tehlikeli bir noktaya evrildi. Farkl\u0131 muhalefet partilerinden siyaset\u00e7iler de son d\u00f6nemlerde Zafer Partisi kadar \u015fedit bir boyutta olmasa da s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar hususunda olumsuz bir s\u00f6ylem benimsedi ve \u00f6zellikle Suriyeli s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar hususunda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesi pek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6r\u00fcnmeyen vaatleri kamuoyuna sundu. Muhalefet partilerinin h\u00e2lihaz\u0131rda s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar\u0131 \u00fclkelerine \u201c(gerekti\u011fi takdirde) <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=oSs3NSgZIr4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">zorla geri g\u00f6nderme<\/a>\u201d d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinden, Suriye rejimiyle bar\u0131\u015f\u0131p <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/turkce\/haberler-turkiye-61307585\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">iki y\u0131l i\u00e7erisinde<\/a> b\u00fct\u00fcn Suriyeli s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar\u0131 \u00fclkelerine g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc olarak geri g\u00f6ndermeye kadar farkl\u0131 bir s\u00f6ylem skalas\u0131 mevcut.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0130ktidar\u0131n Ensar-Muhacir S\u00f6ylemi \u00c7are De\u011fil<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>G\u00f6\u00e7 ve s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar gibi \u00e7etrefilli bir meselede Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Erdo\u011fan da yak\u0131n bir d\u00f6nemde toplumsal tepki sebebiyle olacak ki Suriye\u2019ye yeni bir konut projesi \u00fczerinden bir milyon s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc olarak geri g\u00f6nderilece\u011fini duyurdu. Bu s\u00f6ylemden k\u0131sa bir zaman sonra ise \u201cMuhalefet, \u2018Se\u00e7imi kazan\u0131rsak Suriyelileri g\u00f6nderece\u011fiz\u2019 diyor. Biz g\u00f6ndermeyece\u011fiz. Ensar\u0131n ne oldu\u011funu biliyoruz. Biz bu \u00fclkede iktidarda oldu\u011fumuz s\u00fcrece bize s\u0131\u011f\u0131nan Allah\u2019\u0131n kullar\u0131n\u0131 biz katillerin kuca\u011f\u0131na atmay\u0131z. Bu kadar a\u00e7\u0131k <a href=\"https:\/\/www.basnews.com\/tr\/babat\/753976\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorum<\/a>\u201d dedi. Buradan da g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere, s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar meselesi g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc ya da zor yoluyla \u201chepsini \u00fclkelerine g\u00f6nderelim\u201d s\u00f6ylemi ile \u201censar-muhacir\u201d retori\u011fine s\u0131k\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f durumda-ki asl\u0131nda her iki ifade de rasyonel bir politikaya tekab\u00fcl etmiyor. G\u00f6\u00e7 gibi \u00e7ok boyutlu bir meselenin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de daha sa\u011fduyulu bir \u015fekilde ele al\u0131nmas\u0131na olan ihtiya\u00e7 g\u00fcn ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e de art\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0130ktidar\u0131n Bir Milyon Suriyeliyi Geri G\u00f6nderme Plan\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0130ktidar, toplumsal tepki sebebiyle \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki g\u00fcnlerde bir milyon Suriyeliyi geri g\u00f6nderme plan\u0131n\u0131 tekrar g\u00fcndeme getirse dahi Suriye sahas\u0131nda b\u00f6ylesine iddial\u0131 bir hedefin ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilece\u011fi bir zemin bulunmuyor. Zira, bahse konu projenin hem detaylar\u0131 hen\u00fcz tam olarak belli de\u011fil hem de uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in gerek hukuki gerek ekonomik gerekse de toplumsal komplikasyonlara sebebiyet verece\u011fi izahtan vareste. Dahas\u0131, 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda da yine iktidar taraf\u0131ndan bu projeye benzer bir plan ortaya konulmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ama olumlu bir netice al\u0131namam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Erdo\u011fan Suriye\u2019de PYD\/YPG\u2019den ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lacak alanlarda bir g\u00fcvenli b\u00f6lge kurulmas\u0131 \u00fczerinden 2 milyon civar\u0131nda Suriyelinin \u00fclkelerine geri g\u00f6nderilebilece\u011fini savunmu\u015f ve bunu Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler Genel Kurulu\u2019nda haritalar \u00fczerinden <a href=\"https:\/\/tr.sputniknews.com\/20190927\/erdoganin-bmde-anlattigi-guvenli-bolge-planinin-ayrintilari-ortaya-cikti-1040269092.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">anlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131<\/a>. Ne var ki bu plan o d\u00f6nemde uluslararas\u0131 toplumdan bir destek g\u00f6rmedi. Nihayetinde de mezk\u00fbr proje akamete u\u011fram\u0131\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n<p>Bug\u00fcn de iktidar\u0131n s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar\u0131 yerle\u015ftirme plan\u0131n\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lacak bir ortam Suriye\u2019de mevcut de\u011fil. S\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar\u0131n geri g\u00f6nderilmesinin planland\u0131\u011f\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye-destekli muhalefet kontrol\u00fc alt\u0131ndaki b\u00f6lgeler farkl\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik tehditleriyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya. \u00d6rne\u011fin \u0130dlib b\u00f6lgesi h\u00e2l\u00e2 Rusya ve Esed rejiminin <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/middle-east\/russian-jets-bomb-rebel-held-idlib-syria-witnesses-say-2022-01-02\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na<\/a> hedef oluyor zaman zaman. Afrin de \u0130dlib kadar s\u0131k olmasa da Rusya\u2019n\u0131n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kurdistan24.net\/en\/story\/25691-Second-round-of-Russian-airstrikes-hit-Turkish-backed-rebels-in-Afrin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na<\/a> maruz kal\u0131yor. Benzer \u015fekilde Bar\u0131\u015f P\u0131nar\u0131 Operasyonu b\u00f6lgesinde de YPG\/SDG ve T\u00fcrkiye destekli muhalif gruplar aras\u0131nda y\u0131llard\u0131r s\u00fcregiden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck yo\u011funluklu bir <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rudaw.net\/english\/middleeast\/turkey\/191220201\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00e7at\u0131\u015fma hali<\/a> mevcut. Ayr\u0131ca hem Afrin\u2019de hem de Bar\u0131\u015f P\u0131nar\u0131 B\u00f6lgesinde farkl\u0131 muhalif unsurlar aras\u0131nda \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 da biliniyor. Bunlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra T\u00fcrkiye destekli muhalefet b\u00f6lgeleri hem ekonomik problemlerden muzdarip hem de a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u015fekilde kalabal\u0131k ve kitlesel bir geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc kald\u0131rabilece\u011fe benzemiyor. Suriye sava\u015f\u0131 boyunca rejimin bombard\u0131man\u0131ndan ka\u00e7an milyonlarca insan \u00fclkenin kuzeyine ka\u00e7mak mecburiyetinde kald\u0131. Ek olarak, iktidar\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 plan\u0131n uluslararas\u0131 destek g\u00f6rme ihtimali de \u015fimdilik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Ukrayna krizi ile beraber Bat\u0131l\u0131 \u00fclkelerin desteklerini Ukraynal\u0131 m\u00fcltecilere y\u00f6nlendirdi\u011fi bir zaman diliminde, Suriyeli s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar\u0131n Suriye\u2019de nefes alabilecekleri bir ekosistemin yarat\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in Bat\u0131l\u0131 \u00fclkelerden maddi destek gelmesi \u015fu anki ko\u015fullarda pek makul bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Suriye Rejimi ile Normalle\u015fme Kitlesel Geri D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc Sa\u011flayacak Bir Kataliz\u00f6r De\u011fil<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0130ktidar cephesinde durum bu iken, muhalefet de g\u00f6\u00e7 meselesinde sadra \u015fifa herhangi bir \u015fey sunmuyor. Esed rejimi ile uzla\u015fma \u00fczerinden T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki Suriyeli s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar\u0131 geri g\u00f6nderme d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi muhalefet partilerine se\u00e7imlerde oy kazand\u0131rabilir ancak bu fikrin siyasal bir rasyonalitesi yok. Suriye\u2019ye geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n olgunla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tlamak i\u00e7in muhalif \u00e7evreler Suriye\u2019de sava\u015f\u0131n bitti\u011fini ve Be\u015f\u015far Esed\u2019in Suriye d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kan Suriyeliler i\u00e7in ilan etti\u011fi aflar\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Konuya vak\u0131f olanlar i\u00e7in bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ham hayalden ba\u015fka bir \u015feye tekab\u00fcl etmiyor. \u00d6ncelikle Esed rejiminin ilan etti\u011fi ilk af de\u011fil bu. Rejim Suriye sava\u015f\u0131 boyunca hemen her sene-bazen birden fazla kez- af <a href=\"https:\/\/www.independentturkish.com\/node\/354041\/suriyede-10-y%C4%B1lda-11-kere-af-ilan-edildi%E2%80%A6-suriyeli-gazeteciler-esad-aflar%C4%B1-asker-toplama\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ilan etti<\/a>. Ancak bu Suriye\u2019ye kitlesel geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015flere sebebiyet vermedi. Zaten <a href=\"https:\/\/www.haksozhaber.net\/tadamon-katliami-buyuk-bir-vahsetin-kucuk-bir-parcasi-153245h.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tadamon katliam\u0131n\u0131n<\/a> uluslararas\u0131 medyaya yans\u0131mas\u0131ndan sonra Be\u015f\u015far Esed\u2019in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aa.com.tr\/en\/middle-east\/syrian-prisoner-released-in-return-for-money-despite-assad-regimes-amnesty-\/2589949\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">af ilan etmesi<\/a> durumun ne kadar trajik oldu\u011funu ortaya koyuyor. Rejimle normalle\u015fme \u00fczerinden m\u00fcltecileri Suriye\u2019ye geri g\u00f6nderme d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi ayr\u0131ca iki farkl\u0131 \u00fclkece daha \u00f6nce denendi. Suriye\u2019nin iki kom\u015fusu olan \u00dcrd\u00fcn ve L\u00fcbnan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir Suriyeli m\u00fclteci <a href=\"https:\/\/reliefweb.int\/report\/turkey\/registered-syrian-refugees-host-countries-march-2022-egypt-iraq-jordan-lebanon-and\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">n\u00fcfusuna<\/a> ev sahipli\u011fi yap\u0131yor. Gerek ekonomik nedenler gerekse de s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar ve g\u00fcvenlik gibi sebeplerle her iki \u00fclke de Suriye ile <a href=\"https:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/opinion\/syria-turkey-returning-refugees-target-can-reach\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">normalle\u015fme<\/a> yolunu se\u00e7ti. Ancak buna ra\u011fmen bu iki \u00fclkeden de Suriye\u2019ye do\u011fru \u00e7ok ciddi bir m\u00fclteci geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc ya\u015fanmad\u0131. Her iki \u00fclkede de s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda kalmaya devam etti ve yak\u0131n vadede kalanlar Suriye\u2019ye d\u00f6necekmi\u015f gibi de g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u00fcyorlar. Yani Suriye rejimi ile normalle\u015fme kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ne \u00dcrd\u00fcn ne de L\u00fcbnan istediklerini alabildi. Ne \u00dcrd\u00fcn\u2019\u00fcn Esed rejimiyle normalle\u015fmesi \u00fclkeye Suriye \u00fczerinden giren uyu\u015fturucu trafi\u011fini <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-61040359\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sonland\u0131rabildi<\/a> ne de L\u00fcbnan\u2019\u0131n ekonomik problemleri ya da <a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/middle-east-business-syria-lebanon-iran-nuclear-e018642250d40ac9fac999546d78c9b1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">enerji<\/a> sorunlar\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebildi.<\/p>\n<p>Bunlar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, muhalefet se\u00e7imi kazan\u0131p T\u00fcrkiye Suriye rejimi ile normalle\u015fse dahi Suriye\u2019ye kitlesel ve g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc bir Suriyeli s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131 d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn ya\u015fanmas\u0131 pek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u00fcyor. Nitekim Esed rejiminin kendi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na tehdit g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda rejime muhalif S\u00fcnnilerden m\u00fcte\u015fekkil olan s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar\u0131n Suriye\u2019ye d\u00f6nmesini istemeyece\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131k. Suriye\u2019de az\u0131nl\u0131k olan bir mezhebin temsilcisi olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen Esed ailesi Suriye\u2019yi yar\u0131m as\u0131rdan fazla bir s\u00fcredir y\u00f6netiyor.<\/p>\n<p>Bunlar\u0131n yan\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de y\u00fczbinlerce <a href=\"https:\/\/multeciler.org.tr\/turkiyedeki-suriyeli-sayisi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Suriyeli bebek<\/a> do\u011fdu, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye \u00e7ocukken s\u0131\u011f\u0131nan y\u00fczbinlerce \u00e7ocuk burada gen\u00e7 bireyler oldular. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de b\u00fcy\u00fcyen, burada e\u011fitim alan ve Suriye ile ba\u011flar\u0131 giderek azalan bu insanlar\u0131n Suriye\u2019ye d\u00f6nmesi pek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil. Zira bu insanlar burada nispeten rahat olan ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131p bir me\u00e7hule d\u00f6nmek istemez. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de belli bir istikrar kazanm\u0131\u015f olan, i\u015fi g\u00fcc\u00fc yerinde olan insanlar harap haldeki Suriye\u2019ye, derin bir ekonomik krizin oldu\u011fu ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir \u00fclkeye d\u00f6nmekten imtina edecektir. Zaten d\u00fcnyadaki \u00f6rnekler de buna i\u015faret ediyor. Sava\u015fa maruz kalan co\u011frafyalarda \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcreci uzay\u0131p insanlar ba\u015fka bir yerde hayat kurduk\u00e7a geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f durumu gittik\u00e7e azal\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p>Hat\u0131rlanaca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda, \u0130dlib\u2019de Rusya\u2019n\u0131n T\u00fcrk askerlerini hedef almas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan T\u00fcrkiye, Avrupa\u2019ya gitmek isteyen Suriyelilere engel olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirttikten sonra, \u00e7ok az say\u0131da Suriyeli, ka\u00e7ak yollarla <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=23yTMt8KNXs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Edirne \u00fczerinden<\/a> Avrupa\u2019ya gitmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de kendisine stabil bir hayat kuramam\u0131\u015f olan Afganlar, Afrikal\u0131lar, \u0130ranl\u0131lar vs. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den ayr\u0131lmaya \u00e7abalarken, \u00e7ok az Suriyeli bu yola tevess\u00fcl etti.<\/p>\n<p>Bu noktalar\u0131n yan\u0131nda Suriye\u2019ye d\u00f6nen pek \u00e7ok insan\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na gelen k\u00f6t\u00fc durumlar farkl\u0131 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.es.amnesty.org\/fileadmin\/user_upload\/Report__You_re_going_to_your_death__ENG.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">raporlara<\/a> yans\u0131m\u0131\u015f durumda. Dahas\u0131 rejim \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararnamelerle pek \u00e7ok Suriyelinin m\u00fclk\u00fcne de daha \u00f6nce <a href=\"https:\/\/english.alaraby.co.uk\/news\/syrian-regime-confiscating-selling-land-belonging-refugees-report\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">el koydu<\/a>. Bu el koymalar demografik m\u00fchendislik i\u00e7in de elveri\u015fli bir ara\u00e7 oldu ayn\u0131 zamanda. Suriye\u2019nin her taraf\u0131nda demografik bir m\u00fchendislik yap\u0131ld\u0131 y\u0131llar i\u00e7erisinde. Suriye rejimi de y\u00f6netebilece\u011fi k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir n\u00fcfustan gayet memnun durumda. Hadi diyelim ki rejim Suriyeli s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar\u0131 kabul etmeye yana\u015ft\u0131, peki bu durumda rejimin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den bir beklentisi olmayacak m\u0131? Suriye rejimi sava\u015f\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndan bu yana istikrarl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde Suriye\u2019nin her kar\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00fczerinde <a href=\"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/2019\/01\/16\/the-ypgs-search-for-legitimacy-in-war-torn-syria\/\">otoritesini tesis edece\u011fi<\/a> s\u00f6ylemiyle destek\u00e7ilerini konsolide etmeye \u00e7abalad\u0131. Bu nedenle rejim muhtemel bir normalle\u015fme kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Suriye\u2019den tamamen \u00e7ekilmesini talep edecektir. Peki muhalefet iktidara geldi\u011finde ko\u015fulsuz \u015farts\u0131z bunu kabul mi edecek? T\u00fcrkiye \u00e7ekilmeyi de kabul etti diyelim b\u00f6yle bir durumda, Be\u015far Esed otoritesini tesis etmek i\u00e7in silahl\u0131 muhalif unsurlara kar\u015f\u0131 yeniden bir askeri harekata giri\u015fmeyecek mi zannediliyor? T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir Suriye\u2019de \u00f6zellikle 4 milyon civar\u0131nda insan\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130dlib\u2019de Esed rejimi ter\u00f6ristlere kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015f bahanesiyle bir askeri harekata giri\u015fti\u011finde muhtemel bir bombard\u0131mandan etkilenecek on binlerce sivil yine T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131na ak\u0131n etmeyecek mi? Bu durumun bir \u00f6rne\u011fini asl\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye 2020\u2019de ya\u015fad\u0131. 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda rejim-Rusya ortak askeri operasyonu sonucunda T\u00fcrkiye s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na y\u00fczbinlerce insan dayand\u0131. Ve en nihayetinde, Rusya\u2019n\u0131n T\u00fcrk askerlerini hedef almas\u0131n\u0131n akabinde de T\u00fcrkiye Suriye rejimini hedef alan <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kkk.tsk.tr\/bahar-kalkani.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bahar Kalkan\u0131 Harekat\u0131\u2019n\u0131<\/a> ba\u015flatt\u0131. B\u00f6yle bir senaryo yeniden ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011finde T\u00fcrkiye s\u0131n\u0131ra dayanacak insanlar\u0131 kaderlerine mi terk edecek? Yan\u0131tlanmas\u0131 gereken daha pek \u00e7ok soru ortaya konabilir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>G\u00f6\u00e7 Meselesinde Rasyonel ve B\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fckl\u00fc Politika \u0130htiyac\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Yukar\u0131da bahsedilen sebeplerle hem muhalefetin hem de iktidar\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin g\u00f6\u00e7 ve s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar meselesini daha b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fckl\u00fc, insani ve rasyonel bir \u015fekilde ele almas\u0131 gerekiyor. T\u00fcm Suriyeli s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar\u0131n geri g\u00f6nderilmesinin-T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin uluslararas\u0131 toplumda imaj\u0131na \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir zarar verecek olan zorla geri g\u00f6nderme gibi bir yola tevess\u00fcl edilmedik\u00e7e-\u00e7ok zor oldu\u011fu ortada. Bir k\u0131s\u0131m s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131 kendi \u00fclkesine ya da \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bir \u00fclkeye gitse dahi s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de kalmaya devam edecektir.<\/p>\n<p>Ayr\u0131ca s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de kalaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etmek g\u00f6\u00e7 kaynakl\u0131 pek \u00e7ok problemi g\u00f6z ard\u0131 etmek manas\u0131na da gelmiyor. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar ve d\u00fczensiz g\u00f6\u00e7menler kaynakl\u0131 pek \u00e7ok problemin oldu\u011fu, bu durumun da toplumsal gerilime yok a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortada. Ancak bu vaziyet s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar\u0131n topyek\u00fbn bir \u015fekilde \u015feytanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131, zenofobik ve \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131 s\u00f6ylemlere maruz b\u0131rak\u0131lmalar\u0131n\u0131 me\u015fru k\u0131lm\u0131yor. Ke\u015fke \u015fartlar uygun olsa ve s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar BM\u2019nin de s\u00fcrekli vurgulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aa.com.tr\/en\/middle-east\/syria-not-fit-for-safe-dignified-return-of-refugees-un-report\/2364803\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">onurlu bir \u015fekilde<\/a> \u00fclkelerine geri d\u00f6nebilseler. Ancak Suriye\u2019deki cari \u015fartlar kitlesel g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fe elveri\u015fli de\u011fil. Bu nedenle T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin selameti a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan iktidar ve muhalefetin bir araya gelerek konuyu siyaset \u00fcst\u00fc bir \u015fekilde ele almas\u0131 \u00fclkenin hayr\u0131na olacakt\u0131r. Bunun i\u00e7in ideal olarak iktidar\u0131n \u00f6n ayak olaca\u011f\u0131 muhalefet partilerine mensup ki\u015filerin de i\u00e7erisinde yer alaca\u011f\u0131 bir mekanizman\u0131n kurulup g\u00f6\u00e7 ve s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar meselesinin etrafl\u0131ca ele al\u0131nmas\u0131 olumlu bir geli\u015fme olur.<\/p>\n<p>Ne var ki T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki kutupla\u015fm\u0131\u015f siyasi atmosferde bunun ne kadar m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olaca\u011f\u0131 da yine bir soru i\u015fareti. Bunlar\u0131n hepsinin de \u00f6tesinde, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki y\u0131llarda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de kalacak insanlar i\u00e7in bir entegrasyon politikas\u0131n\u0131n uygulan\u0131p uygulanmayaca\u011f\u0131 meselesi \u00fclkenin g\u00f6\u00e7 kaynakl\u0131 problemlerinin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc hususunda epey belirleyici bir rol oynayacak. T\u00fcrkiye s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar konusunda d\u00fcnyadaki en b\u00fcy\u00fck s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131 n\u00fcfusuna ev sahipli\u011fi yapmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen durumu \u015fimdiye kadar iyi g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc. Ancak \u00fclkede ekonomik durumun da k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015fmesiyle s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar meselesi giderek kaynama noktas\u0131na ula\u015ft\u0131 ve toplumsal gerginlik tehlikeli bir raddeye vard\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, konunun acilen suhuletle ele al\u0131nmas\u0131 toplumda s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lara d\u00f6n\u00fck \u00f6fkenin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131na katk\u0131da bulunacakt\u0131r. \u015eu \u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131k ki T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin g\u00f6\u00e7 meselesinde rasyonel bir siyasi akla ihtiyac\u0131 var. Se\u00e7im sath-\u0131 mailine yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bir zaman diliminde muhalefetin \u201ctamamen geri g\u00f6nderme\u201d iddias\u0131 ile art\u0131k iktidar taban\u0131nda dahi pek kabul g\u00f6rmeyen \u201censar-muhacir\u201d s\u00f6ylemine hapsolmu\u015f g\u00f6\u00e7 ve s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131 konusu T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye zarardan ba\u015fka bir \u015fey getirmez.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":57,"featured_media":32537,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mo_disable_npp":"","ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[364],"tags":[],"asf_pub_issue":[],"asf_pub_region":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32536"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/57"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32536"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32536\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":33257,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32536\/revisions\/33257"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/32537"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32536"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=32536"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32536"},{"taxonomy":"asf_pub_issue","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/asf_pub_issue?post=32536"},{"taxonomy":"asf_pub_region","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/asf_pub_region?post=32536"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}