{"id":37404,"date":"2023-11-17T16:51:58","date_gmt":"2023-11-17T13:51:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/2023\/11\/17\/ortadoguda-yogunlasan-gerilimlerin-ortasinda-abdnin-eylemleri\/"},"modified":"2023-11-17T16:51:58","modified_gmt":"2023-11-17T13:51:58","slug":"ortadoguda-yogunlasan-gerilimlerin-ortasinda-abdnin-eylemleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/2023\/11\/17\/ortadoguda-yogunlasan-gerilimlerin-ortasinda-abdnin-eylemleri\/","title":{"rendered":"Ortado\u011fu\u2019da Yo\u011funla\u015fan Gerilimlerin Ortas\u0131nda ABD\u2019nin Eylemleri"},"content":{"rendered":"

(Bu metin \u0130ngilizce orijinal versiyonundan terc\u00fcme edilmi\u015ftir.)<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

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Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz y\u0131llarda yap\u0131lan siyasi yorumlarda&analizlerde, uluslararas\u0131 sistemdeki olas\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fim ve de\u011fi\u015fimin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi durumunda bunun Ortado\u011fu b\u00f6lgesine olas\u0131 etkileri konusunda bir fikir h\u00e2kim olmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Amerikan g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n erozyonu, \u00f6zellikle de ekonomik kapasitesinin azalmas\u0131 bu fikrin merkezinde yer al\u0131yor.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Sonu\u00e7 olarak, bu erozyonun, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc askeri kapasitesiyle Rusya ve devasa bir ekonomik g\u00fc\u00e7 olan \u00c7in gibi di\u011fer b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fc\u00e7lerin k\u00fcresel olarak doldurmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131 “n\u00fcfuz b\u00f6lgeleri bo\u015flu\u011funun” ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131yla sonu\u00e7lanmas\u0131 bekleniyor.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Rusya Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Vladimir Putin, konu\u015fmalar\u0131nda Amerikan\u2019\u0131n d\u00fcnyadaki hegemonyas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik meydan okumay\u0131 dikkat \u00e7ekici bir \u015fekilde vurguluyor ve d\u00fcnyadaki di\u011fer uluslara \u00e7ok kutuplulu\u011fa dayal\u0131 yeni bir uluslararas\u0131 sistem in\u015fa etme \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulunuyor.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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Bu geli\u015fmeler \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Ortado\u011fu b\u00f6lgesi, ABD ile uluslararas\u0131 sistemi \u015fekillendiren g\u00fc\u00e7ler, \u00f6zellikle de bu alana do\u011frudan askeri m\u00fcdahaleyi benimseyen Rusya aras\u0131ndaki rekabetin \u00f6nemli bir arenas\u0131n\u0131 temsil ediyor. Rusya, Arap b\u00f6lgelerindeki (\u00f6zellikle de Levant b\u00f6lgesi) varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirme \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak, Suriye\u2019de devam eden krizde Esed rejimini destekledi.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Gazze \u015eeridi’ne y\u00f6nelik son sald\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan ABD, Ortado\u011fu’ya u\u00e7ak ve denizalt\u0131 g\u00f6ndererek kilit m\u00fcttefiki \u0130srail’in korunmas\u0131 da dahil olmak \u00fczere b\u00f6lgede kendisini yeniden konumland\u0131rd\u0131. Asl\u0131nda bu eylemler, g\u00f6r\u00fclen a\u00e7\u0131k yans\u0131malar\u0131n \u00f6tesinde mesajlar ta\u015f\u0131yor ve b\u00f6lgedeki yeni b\u00fcy\u00fck oyunculara (Rusya ve \u00c7in) \u00f6rt\u00fck mesajlar iletiyor.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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B\u00f6lgedeki di\u011fer aktif birimlerin b\u00f6lgesel karar alma s\u00fcrecine kendilerini dayatarak Ortado\u011fu\u2019daki jeopolitik yap\u0131y\u0131 do\u011frudan etkiledi\u011fi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Bunlar aras\u0131nda hem co\u011frafi konumlar\u0131 nedeniyle hem de tarihsel etkileri nedeniyle \u00f6nemlerini koruyan Suudi Arabistan, \u0130ran, T\u00fcrkiye ve M\u0131s\u0131r gibi \u00fclkeler yer al\u0131yor.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Bu b\u00fcy\u00fck aktif \u00fclkelerin t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn farkl\u0131 stratejik hedefleri oldu\u011fu ortada. \u00d6rne\u011fin \u0130ran ve Suudi Arabistan aralar\u0131nda bir denge kurmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken \u0130srail, Suudi Arabistan’la payla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir hedef olan \u0130ran’\u0131n n\u00fckleer ve b\u00f6lgesel hedeflerine kar\u015f\u0131 koymay\u0131 ama\u00e7l\u0131yor. Ancak son d\u00f6nemde ya\u015fanan geli\u015fmeler, Ortado\u011fu krizlerine yeni yeni m\u00fcdahil olan \u00c7in’in g\u00f6zetimi alt\u0131nda \u0130ran-Suudi yak\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

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ABD, \u0130ran’\u0131 ve L\u00fcbnan’daki Hizbullah gibi \u0130ran’\u0131n b\u00f6lgedeki vekillerini Gazze\u2019deki \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmaya m\u00fcdahil olmaktan cayd\u0131rmak ve \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n b\u00f6lgesel bir hale gelmemesi ad\u0131na Do\u011fu Akdeniz’e iki u\u00e7ak gemisi, sava\u015f u\u00e7aklar\u0131 ve destek gemileri konu\u015fland\u0131rd\u0131. USS Gerald R. Ford ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 ve destek gemileri ge\u00e7en hafta ba\u015f\u0131nda Do\u011fu Akdeniz’e ula\u015ft\u0131 ve g\u00fcd\u00fcml\u00fc f\u00fcze kruvaz\u00f6r\u00fc USS Philippine Sea ile g\u00fcd\u00fcml\u00fc f\u00fcze destroyerleri Gravely ve Mason’dan olu\u015fan Eisenhower ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131 grubu da bunlara kat\u0131ld\u0131. ABD Savunma Bakan\u0131 Lloyd Austin’e g\u00f6re konu\u015fland\u0131rma, Washington’un “\u0130srail’in g\u00fcvenli\u011fine olan kat\u0131 ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve bu sava\u015f\u0131 t\u0131rmand\u0131rmak isteyen herhangi bir devlet veya devlet d\u0131\u015f\u0131 akt\u00f6r\u00fc cayd\u0131rma kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131” g\u00f6steriyor. ABD, u\u00e7ak gemisinin ve beraberindeki kuvvetlerin \u0130srail ad\u0131na sava\u015f faaliyetlerine kat\u0131lmak i\u00e7in orada olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, kendilerini ve u\u00e7ak gemilerini korumaya odakland\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtti. Bunlar sald\u0131r\u0131 operasyonlar\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebilseler de halihaz\u0131rda geli\u015fmi\u015f savunma sistemlerine sahip olan \u0130srail i\u00e7in f\u00fcze savunma sistemi olarak hareket etmeye pek uygun de\u011filler. ABD ayr\u0131ca di\u011fer \u00fclkeleri de \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 t\u0131rmand\u0131rmamalar\u0131 konusunda uyard\u0131. ABD’nin \u0130srail’e destek amac\u0131yla Ortado\u011fu’ya u\u00e7ak gemisi veya n\u00fckleer denizalt\u0131 g\u00f6nderme karar\u0131, bir\u00e7ok b\u00f6lgesel ve uluslararas\u0131 etkiye yol a\u00e7abilir:<\/span><\/p>\n


\n<\/span>Muhtemel Etkiler<\/b><\/p>\n

1- Artan B\u00f6lgesel Gerilim:<\/b> U\u00e7ak gemisi veya n\u00fckleer denizalt\u0131 g\u00f6ndermek, \u00f6zellikle Arap \u00fclkeleri ile \u0130srail aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkilerde b\u00f6lgede gerilimin artmas\u0131na neden olabilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

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2- Kom\u015fu \u00dclkelerin ve Di\u011fer Taraflar\u0131n Provokasyonu: <\/b>Bu t\u00fcr askeri eylemler, kom\u015fu \u00fclkeler veya di\u011fer uluslararas\u0131 taraflarca genellikle provokatif, gerilimi art\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 ve b\u00f6lgesel istikrarla ilgili endi\u015feleri art\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 olarak yorumlan\u0131yor.<\/span><\/p>\n

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3- Uluslararas\u0131 Tepki:<\/b> Bu gibi \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan askeri \u00f6nlemler, di\u011fer \u00fclkelerde memnuniyetsizli\u011fe ve olumsuz tepkilere neden olabilir, k\u00fcresel e\u011filimleri ve ittifaklar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirebilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

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4- Diplomatik M\u00fczakerelere Etki:<\/b> Bu karar, \u00f6zellikle Ortado\u011fu’ya ili\u015fkin siyasi m\u00fczakerelerle ilgili olarak devam eden diplomatik \u00e7abalar\u0131 etkileyebilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Bahsedilen etkilerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Ortado\u011fu’ya u\u00e7ak gemisi veya n\u00fckleer denizalt\u0131 g\u00f6nderilmesi b\u00f6lge ekonomisini de etkileyebilir. Siyasi ve askeri gerilim b\u00f6lgenin d\u0131\u015f yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ve ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini azaltabilir. Ortado\u011fu \u00fclkeleri d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck petrol ve do\u011falgaz \u00fcreticileri aras\u0131nda kabul edildi\u011finden, bu durum d\u00fcnyada petrol ve do\u011falgaz fiyatlar\u0131nda da art\u0131\u015fa yol a\u00e7abilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00dcstelik Ortado\u011fu’ya u\u00e7ak gemisi veya n\u00fckleer denizalt\u0131 g\u00f6nderilmesi ABD, Rusya ve \u0130ran aras\u0131ndaki gerilimi art\u0131rabilir. Her iki \u00fclke de Amerikan kuvvetlerinin b\u00f6lgede bulunmas\u0131ndan duyduklar\u0131 endi\u015feyi dile getirirken, bu karar\u0131n \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda gerilimin artmas\u0131na ve aralar\u0131nda askeri \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilece\u011fi belirtildi.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Yukar\u0131dakilere dayanarak g\u00f6stergeler, ABD’nin \u015fu anda Ortado\u011fu’daki t\u00fcm \u00fclkeleri do\u011frudan egemenli\u011fi alt\u0131na almaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor. Bu, Amerikan s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmas\u0131na g\u00f6re ‘orta d\u00fczey’ olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lan b\u00f6lgedeki askeri \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki g\u00fcnlerde artaca\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret ediyor.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>

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