{"id":37465,"date":"2023-12-06T18:58:57","date_gmt":"2023-12-06T15:58:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/2023\/12\/06\/abd-israil-ittifakinin-suriye-ve-iraktaki-saldirilari-ve-ortaya-cikan-yeni-kuresel-duzen\/"},"modified":"2023-12-06T18:58:58","modified_gmt":"2023-12-06T15:58:58","slug":"abd-israil-ittifakinin-suriye-ve-iraktaki-saldirilari-ve-ortaya-cikan-yeni-kuresel-duzen","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/2023\/12\/06\/abd-israil-ittifakinin-suriye-ve-iraktaki-saldirilari-ve-ortaya-cikan-yeni-kuresel-duzen\/","title":{"rendered":"ABD-\u0130srail \u0130ttifak\u0131n\u0131n Suriye ve Irak’taki Sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 ve Ortaya \u00c7\u0131kan Yeni K\u00fcresel D\u00fczen"},"content":{"rendered":"

(Bu metin \u0130ngilizce orijinal versiyonundan terc\u00fcme edilmi\u015ftir.)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

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Gazze sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n patlak vermesinden bu yana krizin b\u00f6lgesel bir \u015fekil al\u0131p almayaca\u011f\u0131 sorusu uluslararas\u0131 medya organlar\u0131n\u0131n man\u015fetlerini s\u00fcsledi. ABD’nin Do\u011fu Akdeniz ve Ortado\u011fu’ya g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi u\u00e7ak gemileri ve n\u00fckleer denizalt\u0131lar, Washington’un da bir b\u00f6lgesel sava\u015f korkusu ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u00f6nleyici tedbirler alma ihtiyac\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterdi. Bu korkuya paralel olarak akla ilk gelen \u0130ran ve vekillerinin krize tepkisi oldu. Ayetullah Ali Hamaney’den D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 H\u00fcseyin Emirabdullahiyan\u2019a kadar pek \u00e7ok \u0130ranl\u0131 lider, \u0130srail’in Gazze’ye y\u00f6nelik \u015fiddetli bombard\u0131man\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan tehditk\u00e2r a\u00e7\u0131klamalar yaparak, Tel Aviv\u2019in Gazze’deki sava\u015f su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmesi halinde \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n b\u00f6lgeye yay\u0131labilece\u011fi<\/a> uyar\u0131s\u0131nda bulundu.<\/p>\n

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\u0130ran’\u0131n Gazze krizine do\u011frudan m\u00fcdahale etmek istemedi\u011fi ve Aksa Tufan\u0131 Operasyonu’nun kendisi taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlendi\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki iddialar\u0131 reddetti\u011fi \u015f\u00fcphe g\u00f6t\u00fcrmezken, Tahran operasyon dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Hamas liderlerini tebrik etti<\/a> ve en az\u0131ndan Arap \u00fclkelerindeki vekil \u00f6rg\u00fctleri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u0130srail\u2019in dikkatini belli bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde de olsa da\u011f\u0131tabilme kapasitesini haiz. Bu ba\u011flamda Tahran’la yak\u0131n ba\u011flar\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda L\u00fcbnan Hizbullah’\u0131n\u0131n kapasitesi ve tepkisi tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n ana oda\u011f\u0131 haline geldi. Bununla birlikte, Gazze krizinin ard\u0131ndan \u0130srail g\u00fc\u00e7leri ile \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn militanlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ya\u015fanan \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar, \u015fu ana kadar sava\u015fan taraflar aras\u0131ndaki geleneksel angajman kurallar\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde kald\u0131. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Hizbullah’\u0131n g\u00fcnden g\u00fcne artan kay\u0131plar\u0131na ra\u011fmen durum kontrolden \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131.<\/p>\n

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Hizbullah lideri Hasan Nasrallah’\u0131n uzun zaman boyunca merakla beklenen konu\u015fmalar\u0131, \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn L\u00fcbnan-\u0130srail s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131nda askeri gerilimin t\u0131rmanmas\u0131ndan yana olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da g\u00f6sterdi ki bu durum \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn baz\u0131 destek\u00e7ilerini hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na u\u011fratt\u0131. \u015e\u00fcphesiz ki Hizbullah, \u0130srail’in \u00f6rg\u00fcte kar\u015f\u0131 sert sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 nedeniyle G\u00fcney L\u00fcbnan’da b\u00fcy\u00fck bir y\u0131k\u0131ma yol a\u00e7an 2006 sava\u015f\u0131ndan baz\u0131 dersler \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015f durumda. Buna ra\u011fmen Hizbullah’\u0131n giderek artan kay\u0131plar\u0131 ve Gazze’de ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 insani kriz, kal\u0131c\u0131 bir ate\u015fkesin hen\u00fcz \u00e7ok uzakta oldu\u011fu ger\u00e7e\u011fiyle birlikte ele al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u00f6rg\u00fct ve lideri Nasrallah \u00fczerinde artan bir bask\u0131 olu\u015fturuyor. Bu nedenle Hizbullah’\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu geleneksel angajman kurallar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 zorlamas\u0131 ve \u0130srail’in de buna paralel olarak daha sert tepkiler vermesi bekleniyor. Ek olarak, Hizbullah’\u0131n s\u00f6zde \u2018direni\u015f eksenindeki\u2019 bir di\u011fer kritik m\u00fcttefiki olan Yemen’deki Husilerin \u0130srail’e y\u00f6nelik f\u00fcze sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131<\/a> Tel Aviv\u2019in Gazze’ye y\u00f6nelik sald\u0131rganl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n seyrini de\u011fi\u015ftirmeye yetmiyor.<\/p>\n

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\u0130srail ve ABD, yukar\u0131da bahsedilen \u00f6rg\u00fctlerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, Irak ve Suriye’de konu\u015flu bulunan \u0130ran destekli milislerden de tehdit alg\u0131layarak onlara kar\u015f\u0131 y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6nlemler almaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Her ne kadar Suriye rejimi \u015fu ana kadar Gazze sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n olumsuz sonu\u00e7lar\u0131ndan uzak durmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fsa ve kendisini yaln\u0131zca \u0130srail’i k\u0131nayan resm\u00ee a\u00e7\u0131klamalar yay\u0131nlamakla s\u0131n\u0131rlasa da Tel Aviv, Suriye’nin Gazze’ye kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015f\u0131nda kendisine kar\u015f\u0131 bir cephe olmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Bu ama\u00e7la \u0130ran destekli milisler \u00fclkede \u0130srail taraf\u0131ndan s\u00fcrekli hedef al\u0131n\u0131yor. \u0130srail’in, Suriye rejiminin kontrol\u00fcndeki b\u00f6lgelerde \u0130ran destekli milislere y\u00f6nelik 2013 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana devam eden sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131, Hizbullah’a silah ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 engellemeyi ve milislerden kaynaklanan di\u011fer tehditleri ortadan kald\u0131rmay\u0131 ama\u00e7l\u0131yor. Bu gerek\u00e7e dikkate al\u0131narak, Gazze Sava\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131ndan k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra Golan Tepeleri’ne d\u00fczenlenen bir roket sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 gerek\u00e7e g\u00f6sterilerek Suriye \u0130srail taraf\u0131ndan bombaland\u0131. \u0130ddialara g\u00f6re g\u00f6re \u0130srail’in Eilat kentine y\u00f6nelik bir drone sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131<\/a> da Suriye’deki silahl\u0131 bir \u00f6rg\u00fct taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlendi. \u0130srail, Kas\u0131m ay\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131nda misilleme olarak Suriye’yi h\u0131zla vurdu. Bu ya\u015fananlara ra\u011fmen, \u0130srail’e y\u00f6nelik s\u00f6z konusu sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n sorumlulu\u011funu hi\u00e7bir grubun \u00fcstlenmedi\u011fini belirtmekte fayda var.<\/p>\n

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\u00dcstteki geli\u015fmelerin yan\u0131nda Halep ve \u015eam\u2019daki havalimanlar\u0131 da \u0130srail g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin hedefi olmaya devam ediyor. Gazze’deki sava\u015f, \u0130srail g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin Suriye’deki havalimanlar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n yo\u011funlu\u011funu azaltmad\u0131. \u00d6rne\u011fin Halep Havaliman\u0131 2023 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130srail g\u00fc\u00e7leri taraf\u0131ndan en az alt\u0131 kez sald\u0131r\u0131ya u\u011frad\u0131. Bu sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n son \u00f6rne\u011fi 22 Ekim’de ya\u015fand\u0131. Bunun akabinde \u0130ran, aral\u0131k ay\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131nda Suriye’de iki \u0130ran Devrim Muhaf\u0131zlar\u0131 mensubunun bir \u0130srail sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131nda \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc<\/a> duyurdu. \u0130srail’in, \u0130ran’\u0131n kendi jeopolitik \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 ve g\u00fcndemi i\u00e7in kullanmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemek amac\u0131yla havalimanlar\u0131n\u0131 fel\u00e7 edip kullan\u0131lamaz hale getirme niyetinde oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131k.<\/p>\n

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Ayr\u0131ca Pentagon’a g\u00f6re, Gazze’de \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131ndan bu yana, ABD’nin \u0130srail’e ko\u015fulsuz deste\u011fi nedeniyle \u0130ran destekli gruplar taraf\u0131ndan Suriye ve Irak’taki ABD \u00fcslerine 70’ten fazla<\/a> sald\u0131r\u0131 d\u00fczenlendi. Bu sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 ABD g\u00fc\u00e7leri engelledi, bir k\u0131sm\u0131 da yaralanmalara yol a\u00e7t\u0131. ABD Savunma Bakan\u0131 Lloyd Austin’e g\u00f6re Washington, \u0130ran destekli milislerin d\u00fczenledi\u011fi sald\u0131r\u0131 dizisine misilleme olarak Ekim ay\u0131 sonlar\u0131nda Ba\u015fkan Biden’\u0131n emri \u00fczerine Do\u011fu Suriye’deki<\/a> Ebu Kemal ve Meyadin b\u00f6lgelerinde \u0130ran destekli \u00f6rg\u00fctlere hava sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 d\u00fczenledi. Savunma Bakan\u0131’na g\u00f6re sald\u0131r\u0131lar milislere ait tesisleri yok etti. Ayr\u0131ca ABD’nin sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 kom\u015fu Irak’a da yay\u0131ld\u0131. ABD\u2019nin, 4 Aral\u0131k’ta Irak’\u0131n Kerk\u00fck b\u00f6lgesi yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda d\u00fczenledi\u011fi hava sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131nda 5 milis<\/a> \u00f6ld\u00fc.<\/p>\n

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K\u0131sacas\u0131, ‘Filistin davas\u0131’ b\u00f6lgedeki farkl\u0131 siyasi akt\u00f6rlerin, \u00f6zellikle de Esed rejiminin me\u015fruiyetini art\u0131rma veya me\u015fruiyet kazanma aray\u0131\u015f\u0131nda i\u015flevsel bir enstr\u00fcman olarak kullan\u0131lsa da ne Suriye rejimi ne de Irak h\u00fck\u00fcmeti kendi k\u0131s\u0131tlar\u0131, \u00f6ncelikleri ve \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 nedeniyle Gazze Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yeni bir cephesi olmaya istekli. Ancak milislerin direktiflerini \u015eam ya da Ba\u011fdat\u2019taki liderlerden ziyade do\u011frudan \u0130ran’dan ya da Tahran ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 yerel akt\u00f6rlerden ald\u0131klar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, \u0130ran m\u00fcttefiki milislerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hem Ba\u011fdat hem de \u015eam i\u00e7in ciddi bir risk anlam\u0131na geliyor. \u0130srail ordusunun operasyonlar\u0131n\u0131 G\u00fcney Gazze’ye y\u00f6nelik olarak geni\u015fletme niyeti her ge\u00e7en an daha belirgin hale gelirken hem Suriye hem de Irak’\u0131n Gazze krizine s\u00fcr\u00fcklenme tehdidiyle giderek daha fazla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalmas\u0131 muhtemel. Bat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Gazze sava\u015f\u0131nda \u0130srail’e ko\u015fulsuz deste\u011finden kaynaklanan stratejik k\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki d\u00f6nemde b\u00f6lgedeki gerilimi art\u0131rmas\u0131 ve b\u00f6lgesel akt\u00f6rleri, ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan yeni k\u00fcresel d\u00fczene uygun olarak d\u0131\u015f politikada farkl\u0131 k\u00fcresel akt\u00f6rlerle i\u015f birliklerini derinle\u015ftirmeleri de \u00e7ok olas\u0131. Bat\u0131l\u0131 akt\u00f6rlerin Orta Do\u011fu\u2019da azalan g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fi, pop\u00fclaritesi ve n\u00fcfuzu muhtemelen \u0130ran, Rusya ve \u00c7in’in mevcut ger\u00e7eklikten faydalanmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7acak.<\/p>\n<\/div>

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