{"id":7615,"date":"2018-05-16T15:20:39","date_gmt":"2018-05-16T12:20:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/?p=7615"},"modified":"2020-08-17T14:20:38","modified_gmt":"2020-08-17T11:20:38","slug":"iki-devletli-cozumun-olum-ilanini-hazirlamak","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/2018\/05\/16\/iki-devletli-cozumun-olum-ilanini-hazirlamak\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130ki Devletli \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn \u00d6l\u00fcm \u0130l\u00e2n\u0131n\u0131 Haz\u0131rlamak"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:20px;--awb-padding-right:20px;--awb-padding-bottom:20px;--awb-padding-left:20px;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:2px 2px 20px 2px #dddddd;;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><p>Medya organlar\u0131 genel itibariyle kamuoyunun yak\u0131ndan tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 haber de\u011ferine sahip isimlerin \u00f6l\u00fcm il\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcncel bir envanterini muhafaza ederler ne olur ne olmaz diye. \u00d6l\u00fcm il\u00e2nlar\u0131 gibi miad\u0131 dolmu\u015f duyurular, t\u0131pk\u0131 \u0130srail ve Filistin\u2019in toprak b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcnde oldu\u011fu gibi g\u00fcn ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e kan\u0131ksan\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc tek bir kesit olarak \u00f6l\u00fcm an\u0131 yoktur, hastal\u0131kla ge\u00e7en uzun bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 vard\u0131r. Zira g\u00fcn\u00fcn birinde en ate\u015fli muhalifleri dahi \u00dcrd\u00fcn Nehri ile Akdeniz aras\u0131nda sadece bir devletin oldu\u011fu ger\u00e7e\u011finden ka\u00e7amayacak: N\u00fcfusu, hukuki ve siyasal stat\u00fcs\u00fc itibariyle ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f fakat b\u00f6lgesel manada birbirine eklemlenmi\u015f bir devletten s\u00f6z ediyorum.<\/p>\n<p>Ancak bu durumu tan\u0131makla birlikte su\u00e7lama oyunu ba\u015flar. Bu nas\u0131l oldu, kimi su\u00e7layal\u0131m? Ve bazen isteyerek kimi zaman da istemeyerek \u201ciki devletli \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmden\u201d feragat etme politikalar\u0131 ortaya koyan ABD\u2019nin hayali \u201cbar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcrecine\u201d takvim \u00e7\u0131karmak \u00fczerine kariyerlerini in\u015fa eden uzmanlar, \u015fimdilerde kederli bir \u015fekilde ka\u00e7an f\u0131rsatlar\u0131 kaleme al\u0131yor. Fakat adil bir \u015fekilde ortaya konan hi\u00e7bir tarihsel yakla\u015f\u0131m, rahats\u0131z edici ger\u00e7e\u011fi i\u00e7 politikada gizleyemez: Art arda gelen \u0130srail h\u00fck\u00fcmetleri, kas\u0131tl\u0131 eylemleri ile iki devletli \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm fikrini tabiri caizse \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. H\u00e2l\u00e2 ayn\u0131 i\u00e7 politika hesaplar\u0131 bu uzmanlar\u0131n bir\u00e7o\u011funu Filistinlileri su\u00e7lamaya ve Amerikal\u0131lar i\u00e7in bahaneler \u00fcretmeye sevk ediyor. Bu kendine hizmet etme ama\u00e7l\u0131 ortaya konan anlat\u0131ya g\u00f6re iki taraf da su\u00e7lanmal\u0131, ABD ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 giderecek bir k\u00f6pr\u00fc kurmak i\u00e7in elinden geleni yapt\u0131 ve \u015fimdi ne kadar \u00fcz\u00fcc\u00fc olursa olsun g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcn\u00fcn olmas\u0131 gerekene karar vermesine m\u00fcsaade etmekten ba\u015fka se\u00e7enek de yok.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6te yandan, b\u00f6yle bir anlat\u0131 \u2013ayn\u0131 bizim \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k, cinsiyet\u00e7ilik, i\u015fgal ve s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilik gibi bask\u0131n milli anlat\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131zda oldu\u011fu gibi- g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcn\u00fcn ahlaki ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 rasyonel bir zemine oturtmak i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015f bir mite d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. T\u0131pk\u0131 Amerika\u2019n\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu meselenin k\u00f6r noktalar\u0131nda mevcut a\u00e7mazlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n tam kalbinde yer alan sistematik adaletsizliklere y\u00f6nelik bir \u015feyler yapmay\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 gibi, iki devletli \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn \u00e7\u00f6kmesinin arkas\u0131ndaki sebeplere y\u00f6nelik benzer bir k\u00f6rl\u00fck de ayr\u0131l\u0131k sonras\u0131 gelece\u011fe ve Filistinliler ile \u0130srailliler aras\u0131ndaki e\u015fitlik sorunsal\u0131na dair kayda de\u011fer \u015feyler yapmay\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p>Bu meseleyi do\u011frudan kavray\u0131\u015f\u0131m, bir avukat olarak 2000 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n sonundan 2004 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131na kadar Filistin m\u00fczakere ekibinin dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m d\u00f6nemde ve sonras\u0131nda Filistinliler, \u0130srailliler ve uluslararas\u0131 toplumla yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m i\u015flerde oturdu. O y\u0131llar, bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcreci i\u00e7in \u201ciyi y\u0131llar\u201d de\u011fildi.<\/p>\n<p>Ehud Barak, kendisini Filistinlilere zorbal\u0131k yap\u0131p onlar\u0131, 2000 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n yaz\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen ve k\u00f6t\u00fc bir \u015fekilde organize edilmi\u015f olan Camp David Zirvesi\u2019nde \u0130srail\u2019in \u015fartlar\u0131 alt\u0131nda bir anla\u015fmaya mecbur b\u0131rakabilece\u011fine ikna etmi\u015fti. Alt\u0131 ay sonra, Harem el \u015eerif\u2019e yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 provokatif ziyaretle yine 2000 yaz\u0131nda \u0130kinci \u0130ntifada\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131na sebep olan Ariel \u015earon, Barak\u2019\u0131 se\u00e7imlerde ma\u011flup etti ve Oslo Bar\u0131\u015f S\u00fcreci\u2019ni ortadan kald\u0131rmaya y\u00f6nelik daha \u00f6nce ortaya koydu\u011fu pl\u00e2n\u0131n\u0131 uygulamaya soktu. Filistinlilere kar\u015f\u0131 geni\u015f \u00e7apl\u0131 bir askeri operasyon ba\u015flatt\u0131 ve 1993\u2019ten beri Filistin Kurtulu\u015f \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn (FK\u00d6) in\u015fa etti\u011fi proto-devletin alt\u0131n\u0131 oymaya ba\u015flad\u0131. \u015earon\u2019un kuvvetleri, bakanl\u0131k binalar\u0131n\u0131 tam anlam\u0131yla ele ge\u00e7irip bilgisayarlar\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rd\u0131, Do\u011fu Kud\u00fcs\u2019teki Orient House\u2019\u0131 i\u015fgal etti ve Kud\u00fcs\u2019te ya\u015fayan Filistinlilerinin t\u00fcm arazi ve tapu kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 sildi. Sadece Yahudiler i\u00e7in yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f yollar ve \u015fehirlerin (baz\u0131lar\u0131 metropol ve baz\u0131lar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131rsal alanlar mahiyetinde olan ve dalga ge\u00e7ercesine adlar\u0131na \u201cyerle\u015fim\u201d denilen) yan\u0131nda, Bat\u0131 \u015eeria\u2019daki Filistinli \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu bir avu\u00e7 alanla s\u0131n\u0131rlayacak bir duvar in\u015fa etti.<\/p>\n<p>\u015earon ayr\u0131ca, Filistinlilerin lideri Yaser Arafat\u2019\u0131 kendi konutunda, berbat fiziki ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda hapsetti ve daha \u00f6nce Filistin Y\u00f6netimi\u2019ne ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f b\u00f6lgelere tekrar \u0130srail birliklerini konu\u015fland\u0131rd\u0131. Bat\u0131 \u015eeria\u2019daki \u0130srail kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00fc\u00e7lendirecek bir ad\u0131m olarak, tek tarafl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde yerle\u015fimcileri ve onlara e\u015flik eden askeri ve paramiliter birlikleri Gazze \u015eeridi\u2019nden bu b\u00f6lgeye getirdi. T\u00fcm bunlar Washington nezdinde, Filistin Y\u00f6netimi\u2019nin \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131karmaktan mutlu olanlar da dahil \u00e7e\u015fitli Filistinli gruplar taraf\u0131ndan daha \u00f6nce ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen ve genelde \u0130srail\u2019deki sivilleri hedef alan intihar bombac\u0131lar\u0131 bahaneleriyle me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Elbette Filistinli sivillere y\u00f6nelik \u015fiddet kullan\u0131m\u0131 ayn\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131ma veya empatiye mazhar olmad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Filistinli m\u00fczakerecilerin aras\u0131nda ge\u00e7irdi\u011fim ve Oslo s\u00fcrecinin \u015earon taraf\u0131ndan \u015fiddetle par\u00e7alan\u0131\u015f\u0131na tan\u0131kl\u0131k eti\u011fim zaman zarf\u0131nda y\u00f6netimin iki \u00f6nceli\u011fi vard\u0131. Birincisi hayatta kalmakt\u0131.&nbsp; \u015earon\u2019un son \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl darbesi, Bat\u0131 \u015eeria\u2019n\u0131n i\u015fgali ve Filistin Y\u00f6netimi\u2019nin da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 olacak gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyordu ki bu da i\u015fgal alt\u0131nda kapana k\u0131s\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Filistinli liderlerin can g\u00fcvenli\u011fini belirsiz bir hale getiriyordu. \u0130kinci \u00f6ncelik ise iki devletli \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn h\u00e2l\u00e2 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu fikrini \u0130srail kamuoyuna, Filistin kamuoyuna, Arap d\u00fcnyas\u0131na, Avrupal\u0131lara ve elbette, hatal\u0131 bir \u015fekilde \u0130srail\u2019in sald\u0131rganl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol alt\u0131na alabilecek tek g\u00fc\u00e7 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclen ABD\u2019ye yinelemek i\u00e7in \u015earon\u2019un ve tanklar\u0131n\u0131n etraf\u0131ndan dola\u015fmakt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Bu \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l boyunca, FK\u00d6 Genel Sekreteri Mahmud Abbas, \u0130srailliler ile yap\u0131lan kamuya a\u00e7\u0131k toplant\u0131larda Filistinlilerin iki devletli \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm taraftar\u0131 resmi duru\u015funu a\u00e7\u0131klamak i\u00e7in Tel Aviv\u2019e hukuk\u00e7ular yollad\u0131. FK\u00d6, Filistin\u2019in duru\u015funu genel bir \u015fekilde sistemle\u015ftirmek \u00fczere bir Arap Ligi karar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmak ve \u0130srail\u2019e bunun kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Arap d\u00fcnyas\u0131 ile bir normalle\u015fmeyi vaat etmek i\u00e7in Suudi Arabistan ile i\u015f birli\u011fi yapt\u0131. \u00c7at\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 durdurmak ve belki de devletle\u015fmeyi sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in Senat\u00f6r George Mitchell (d\u00f6nemin Sharm El \u015eeyh Olgular\u0131 Tespit Komitesi\u2019nin ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yapan), B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7i Bill Burns ve General Tony Zinni de dahil olmak \u00fczere ABD temsilcileri ile say\u0131s\u0131z toplant\u0131 ve m\u00fczakere yap\u0131ld\u0131. Eski \u0130srail m\u00fczakerecileri ile say\u0131s\u0131z gayr\u0131 resmi m\u00fczakere devam etti ve nihayetinde FK\u00d6, Filistin Y\u00f6netimi ve \u00e7e\u015fitli Filistinli partiler ve sivil toplum temsilcileri ile \u00e7o\u011fu faal olarak g\u00f6revde bulunmayan \u0130srailli yetkililer, askeri fig\u00fcrler ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel liderlerden olu\u015fan, b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm \u00fczerine bir \u201canla\u015fman\u0131n\u201d iskeletini \u00e7\u0131karmaya \u00e7abalayan bir gruptan olu\u015fan Cenevre \u0130nisiyatifi\u2019ne \u00f6n ayak oldu.<\/p>\n<p>\u015earon taraf\u0131ndan s\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclen s\u00fcreci bir daha alevlendirmeye y\u00f6nelik bu \u00e7abalar; ku\u015fatmalar, k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar, sald\u0131r\u0131lar ve katliamlar sebebiyle ac\u0131 \u00e7eken s\u0131radan Filistinliler nezdinde \u00e7ok da pop\u00fcler de\u011fildi. Bilakis, diplomasi seviyesindeki bu solgun \u00e7abalar\u0131n bir\u00e7o\u011fu, \u00f6nceliklerin kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n<p>Tarihi Filistin topraklar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 22\u2019si \u00fczerinde devletle\u015fme de b\u00f6yle bir \u00f6ncelik olmu\u015ftu ve asl\u0131nda Filistin y\u00f6netimi, durumu \u015f\u00fcpheci bir kamuoyuna izah etmenin neredeyse imk\u00e2ns\u0131z oldu\u011fu tavizleri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye raz\u0131yd\u0131. 1993 Oslo Anla\u015fmalar\u0131 da benzer tavizler i\u00e7ermekteydi ancak o denli bariz de\u011fildi. Oslo Anla\u015fmas\u0131, herhangi bir Filistinlinin anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar\u0131yla, be\u015f y\u0131l i\u00e7erisinde Bat\u0131 \u015eeria ve Gazze \u015eeridi\u2019nde otonominin artaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve nihayetinde Do\u011fu Kud\u00fcs\u2019\u00fc ba\u015fkent olarak i\u00e7erecek \u015fekilde 1967 s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131ndan olu\u015fan egemen bir devletin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vaat ediyor gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyordu. Her y\u0131l\u0131n bir \u00f6nceki y\u0131ldan daha iyi olmas\u0131 gerekiyordu. \u00c7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde artan yerle\u015fimciler ve \u0130srail\u2019in k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 \u00e7izgilerine dair artan detaylar izlendikten sonra, 2000 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar yeni bir \u015f\u00fcphecilik g\u00fcndeme oturmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Zaman i\u00e7erisinde, hi\u00e7bir \u0130srail h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin daha \u00f6nce Bat\u0131 \u015eeria\u2019da kurulan ve \u00f6zellikle de su kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n bat\u0131s\u0131nda yer alan \u201csadece Yahudilerden olu\u015fan\u201d \u015fehirleri ortadan kald\u0131rmaya ne r\u0131zalar\u0131n\u0131n ne de isteklerinin oldu\u011fu herkes taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7ok net bir \u015fekilde g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. Ve b\u00fcy\u00fck bir yanl\u0131\u015f hesab\u0131n sonucunda, Filistinli m\u00fczakereciler 1967 s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Filistinlilerin \u0130srail\u2019deki evlerine geri d\u00f6nebilmeleri \u015fart\u0131ndan feragat edebileceklerini \u00f6zelde \u00e7ok s\u0131k bir \u015fekilde a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa vurdular. Bu, Filistinlilerin m\u00fcltecilere bir tan\u0131nma ve tazminat verilmesi i\u00e7in sembolik gayretlerle en \u00e7ok m\u00fccadele verdi\u011fi meseleydi. Geriye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f hakk\u0131ndan feragat ederken neyin do\u011fru ya da yanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funa dair inanc\u0131n\u0131z ne olursa olsun, bunu \u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde yapmak pratikte yanl\u0131\u015f bir hesapt\u0131 \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u0130srailli m\u00fczakereciler bu tavizleri ceplerine koydular ve sonras\u0131nda s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in m\u00fczakerelere ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Ve \u0130srail, Kud\u00fcs\u2019\u00fcn ebedi ve b\u00f6l\u00fcnmez ba\u015fkenti oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi\u011finde, asl\u0131nda bunu kastetmekteydi.<\/p>\n<p>Daha sonra ise g\u00fcvenlik sorunsal\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131: \u0130srail\u2019in Filistinlilerin kendi egemen devletlerini kontrol etmesine m\u00fcsaade etme niyeti yoktu. S\u0131n\u0131rlar, hava sahas\u0131 ve elektromanyetik spektrum da dahil olmak \u00fczere g\u00fcvenli\u011fin \u0130srail\u2019in kontrol\u00fc alt\u0131nda kalaca\u011f\u0131 konusunda \u0131srar ettiler. Filistin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde daha \u00f6nce konu\u015fland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan kal\u0131c\u0131 askeri \u00fcslere \u00f6zel eri\u015fim yollar\u0131 istediler. Bir\u00e7ok \u015fekilde, \u0130srail\u2019in askeri varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z\u201d bir Filistin\u2019in i\u00e7erisinde geni\u015fleyecekti.<\/p>\n<p>Filistin taraf\u0131, bir\u00e7ok Filistinlinin sert ele\u015ftirilerine ra\u011fmen, t\u00fcm bu meseleler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u201cyarat\u0131c\u0131\u201d \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler bulmak istiyordu. H\u00e2lihaz\u0131rda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir Yahudi n\u00fcfusuna sahip olan Do\u011fu Kud\u00fcs konusunda dahi Filistinliler en az\u0131ndan \u015fehrin do\u011fu k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 daha da b\u00f6lecek \u00e7e\u015fitli d\u00fczenlemeler yapmaya raz\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Nihayetinde bu m\u00fczakerelerin hi\u00e7biri bir sonu\u00e7 vermedi, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc ABD d\u00fcr\u00fcst bir arac\u0131 rol\u00fcn\u00fc ta\u015f\u0131maktan ve m\u00fczakereler de sahadaki olgulardan uzakt\u0131. Filistin y\u00f6netiminin en b\u00fcy\u00fck hatas\u0131, analizin yerine umudu koymas\u0131yd\u0131. Merkez ya da sa\u011f fark etmeksizin, birbiri ard\u0131na gelen \u0130srail h\u00fck\u00fcmetleri i\u015fgali kuvvetlendirecek, Filistin y\u00f6netiminin ve otonomisinin herhangi bir suretini dahi a\u015fa\u011f\u0131layacak ve par\u00e7alayacak ve bug\u00fcn mevcut olan saha ger\u00e7ekliklerini yaratacak ad\u0131mlar att\u0131lar. Filistin y\u00f6netimi, ABD\u2019nin ve daha az boyutta da olsa Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n Filistin\u2019in Bat\u0131 \u015eeria ve Gazze \u015eeridi\u2019nde ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir devlet h\u00e2line gelmesi konusunda k\u00fcresel bir konsens\u00fcs gibi kendisini g\u00f6steren duruma sahip \u00e7\u0131kacaklar\u0131n\u0131 varsayd\u0131.&nbsp; Ayr\u0131ca \u0130srail ile olan \u00e7e\u015fitli ili\u015fkilerine ra\u011fmen Arap devletlerinin Filistinlilerin Kud\u00fcs ve egemenlik konusunda k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 \u00e7izgilerini es ge\u00e7meyeceklerini de varsayd\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Bu da yan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z yerdi.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0130srail\u2019in eylemleri, niyetlerini a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yordu. Ve mesele \u0130srail\u2019in s\u0131n\u0131rlanmas\u0131 ya da durdurulmas\u0131na gelince bazen ABD\u2019nin eylemsizli\u011fi, kafa kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131, yetersizli\u011fi ve yanl\u0131\u015f y\u00f6ne gidi\u015fi gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnen tutumlar asl\u0131nda ABD\u2019nin politikas\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Bir\u00e7ok h\u00fck\u00fcmetin ve halklar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funun Filistin\u2019in devlet olarak tan\u0131nmas\u0131 lehinde kanaat sahibi oldu\u011fu Avrupa ise bu meselede s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc koltu\u011funa ge\u00e7me konusunda hem istekten hem de kapasiteden yoksundu.<\/p>\n<p>Ve Arap devletleri\u2026 Evet, Arap devletleri. Sadece ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz ayda bile Suudi Arabistan ve M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131n Filistinlilerin ve Araplar\u0131n uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 \u00e7izgisi olan Kud\u00fcs ve egemenlik meselelerini ba\u015flar\u0131ndan atmak istediklerini anlamak i\u00e7in yeterliydi. Esas\u0131nda, \u0130srail, Bat\u0131 \u015eeria topraklar\u0131n\u0131 ve genel g\u00fcvenlik mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131n kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc sa\u011flarken Bat\u0131 \u015eeria\u2019daki Filistinlilerin sorumlulu\u011funu \u00dcrd\u00fcn\u2019e, Gazze\u2019dekilerin sorumlulu\u011funu M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019a aktarma konusunda hep kabul ettikleri form\u00fcl\u00fc dahi tan\u0131mayabilirler. B\u00f6ylesi bir politik \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131, \u0130sraillilere kendi \u00fclkelerinde ve Bat\u0131l\u0131 \u00fclkelerde ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz bir \u015fekilde ba\u015f g\u00f6steren anti-apartheid m\u00fccadeleye kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fckleri PR sava\u015f\u0131nda ekstra bir siyasi k\u0131l\u0131f sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bu y\u00fczden evet, Filistinliler de elbette hatalar yapt\u0131lar. Belki de 1988 y\u0131l\u0131nda Filistin\u2019in y\u00fczde 78\u2019e 22 \u015feklinde b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesini kabul etmek dahi hatayd\u0131. Ancak iki devletli \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc Filistinlileri su\u00e7lamak hatas\u0131na da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fclmemeli.&nbsp; Esas\u0131nda, FK\u00d6\u2019n\u00fcn 1967 s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmesine ra\u011fmen, egemen bir Filistin\u2019in var olaca\u011f\u0131 bir iki devletli \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm hi\u00e7bir zaman masada olmad\u0131. Bat\u0131 \u015eeria ve Gazze\u2019de Bantustan \u015fehirlerinin olmas\u0131 ya da n\u00fcfusun sorumlu\u011funun \u00dcrd\u00fcn ve M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019a aktar\u0131lmas\u0131 alternatifleri \u00fczerinde hi\u00e7bir zaman Filistinliler nezdinde veya uluslararas\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7ekte konsens\u00fcs sa\u011flanmad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Fakat Filistin liderleri \u015fu an hat\u0131rlamal\u0131 ki uluslararas\u0131 konsens\u00fcs, Arap Ligi\u2019ndeki konsens\u00fcs, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00e7o\u011funluklu \u00fclkeler ile G\u00fcney Yar\u0131mk\u00fcre\u2019deki \u00fclkelerin konsens\u00fcs\u00fc her zaman Filistinlilerin bir millet olarak esas hedefleri olan e\u015fitlik ve h\u00fcrriyet taleplerinin yan\u0131nda oldu\u011funu belirtiyor.&nbsp; FK\u00d6, 1988 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u00fczde 22\u2019lik bir k\u0131s\u0131mda devlet fikrini me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n farkl\u0131 yerlerindeki m\u00fcttefikleri i\u00e7in de ayn\u0131 tavizi vermenin kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 aralad\u0131. \u00d6l\u00fcm il\u00e2nlar\u0131 ge\u00e7mi\u015f i\u00e7in yaz\u0131l\u0131yor ancak Filistinliler gelecek i\u00e7in bir \u015feyler yazmal\u0131\u2026 Toprak b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc fikri \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f olabilir ama h\u00fcrriyet hedefi \u00f6lmedi. Ve h\u00fcrriyet talebinin hangi y\u00f6ne gidece\u011fi, bir kez daha Filistinlilere, kendilerinin \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki aylar ve y\u0131llar i\u00e7erisindeki eylemlerine kalm\u0131\u015f durumda.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Medya organlar\u0131 genel itibariyle kamuoyunun yak\u0131ndan tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 haber de\u011ferine sahip isimlerin \u00f6l\u00fcm il\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcncel bir envanterini muhafaza ederler ne olur ne olmaz diye.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":100,"featured_media":6465,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mo_disable_npp":"","ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[364],"tags":[9816],"asf_pub_issue":[10319],"asf_pub_region":[10321],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7615"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/100"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7615"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7615\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23925,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7615\/revisions\/23925"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6465"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7615"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7615"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7615"},{"taxonomy":"asf_pub_issue","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/asf_pub_issue?post=7615"},{"taxonomy":"asf_pub_region","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/asf_pub_region?post=7615"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}